serius

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from English serious and Dutch serieus, from Medieval Latin sēriōsus, an extension of Latin sērius (“grave, earnest, serious”), from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“heavy”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Standard, English-influenced) /sə.ˈri.ʊs/, (Dutch-influenced) /sɛ.ˈri.ʊs/
• Rhymes: -ʊs, -s
• Hyphenation: sê‧ri‧us

Adjective

sêrius

1. serious

Derived terms

• diseriusi
• keseriusan
• menyeriusi

 

Further reading

• “serius” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Latin

Etymology

Somewhat disputed. There are two main competing hypotheses:

• Usually held to derive via Proto-Italic *swerjos from Proto-Indo-European *swer-yo-s, from the root *swer- (“heavy”). Cognate with Old English swǣr (“heavy, grave, grievous”), German schwer (“hard, difficult, heavy”), Lithuanian sverti (“to weigh, balance”), svarùs (“heavy”). More at sweer.
• According to De Vaan, rather from Proto-Italic *sērjos, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-s + *-yo-, from an uncertain root *seh₁- (“to go slowly?”) (cf. sēgnis (“slow, tardy, sluggish, lazy”)). In this case, equivalent to sērus (“slow, tardy”) +‎ -ius, with semantic shift "slow" > "tiring" > "heavy" > "grave, serious".

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈseː.ri.us/, [ˈs̠eːriʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈse.ri.us/, [ˈsɛːrius]

Adjective

sērius (feminine sēria, neuter sērium); first/second-declension adjective

1. grave, earnest, serious

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	sērius	sēria	sērium		sēriī	sēriae	sēria
genitive	sēriī	sēriae	sēriī		sēriōrum	sēriārum	sēriōrum
dative	sēriō	sēriae	sēriō		sēriīs
accusative	sērium	sēriam	sērium		sēriōs	sēriās	sēria
ablative	sēriō	sēriā	sēriō		sēriīs
vocative	sērie	sēria	sērium		sēriī	sēriae	sēria

Derived terms

• sēriōsus

Adverb

sērius

1. comparative degree of sērō

Further reading

• “serius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “serius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• serius in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• serius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • two days late: biduo serius
    
  • (ambiguous) to say in earnest..: serio dicere (Plaut. Bacch. 1. 1. 42)
    
• “serious”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.