sairastaa
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Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]sairastaa
- (transitive) To have (a disease), be sick (in bed) with.
- Sairastan oksennustautia, joten en pysty tulemaan töihin tänään.
- I have a case of vomiting, and therefore I can't come to work today.
- (intransitive) To ail (because of a disease).
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of sairastaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | sairastan | en sairasta | 1st sing. | olen sairastanut | en ole sairastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | sairastat | et sairasta | 2nd sing. | olet sairastanut | et ole sairastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | sairastaa | ei sairasta | 3rd sing. | on sairastanut | ei ole sairastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | sairastamme | emme sairasta | 1st plur. | olemme sairastaneet | emme ole sairastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | sairastatte | ette sairasta | 2nd plur. | olette sairastaneet | ette ole sairastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | sairastavat | eivät sairasta | 3rd plur. | ovat sairastaneet | eivät ole sairastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | sairastetaan | ei sairasteta | passive | on sairastettu | ei ole sairastettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | sairastin | en sairastanut | 1st sing. | olin sairastanut | en ollut sairastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | sairastit | et sairastanut | 2nd sing. | olit sairastanut | et ollut sairastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | sairasti | ei sairastanut | 3rd sing. | oli sairastanut | ei ollut sairastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | sairastimme | emme sairastaneet | 1st plur. | olimme sairastaneet | emme olleet sairastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | sairastitte | ette sairastaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte sairastaneet | ette olleet sairastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | sairastivat | eivät sairastaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat sairastaneet | eivät olleet sairastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | sairastettiin | ei sairastettu | passive | oli sairastettu | ei ollut sairastettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | sairastaisin | en sairastaisi | 1st sing. | olisin sairastanut | en olisi sairastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | sairastaisit | et sairastaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit sairastanut | et olisi sairastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | sairastaisi | ei sairastaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi sairastanut | ei olisi sairastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | sairastaisimme | emme sairastaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme sairastaneet | emme olisi sairastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | sairastaisitte | ette sairastaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte sairastaneet | ette olisi sairastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | sairastaisivat | eivät sairastaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat sairastaneet | eivät olisi sairastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | sairastettaisiin | ei sairastettaisi | passive | olisi sairastettu | ei olisi sairastettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | sairasta | älä sairasta | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | sairastakoon | älköön sairastako | 3rd sing. | olkoon sairastanut | älköön olko sairastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | sairastakaamme | älkäämme sairastako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | sairastakaa | älkää sairastako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | sairastakoot | älkööt sairastako | 3rd plur. | olkoot sairastaneet | älkööt olko sairastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | sairastettakoon | älköön sairastettako | passive | olkoon sairastettu | älköön olko sairastettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | sairastanen | en sairastane | 1st sing. | lienen sairastanut | en liene sairastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | sairastanet | et sairastane | 2nd sing. | lienet sairastanut | et liene sairastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | sairastanee | ei sairastane | 3rd sing. | lienee sairastanut | ei liene sairastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | sairastanemme | emme sairastane | 1st plur. | lienemme sairastaneet | emme liene sairastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | sairastanette | ette sairastane | 2nd plur. | lienette sairastaneet | ette liene sairastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | sairastanevat | eivät sairastane | 3rd plur. | lienevät sairastaneet | eivät liene sairastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | sairastettaneen | ei sairastettane | passive | lienee sairastettu | ei liene sairastettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | sairastaa | present | sairastava | sairastettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
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past | sairastanut | sairastettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | sairastaessa | sairastettaessa | agent4 | sairastama | ||||||||||||||||
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negative | sairastamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | sairastaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | sairastamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | sairastamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | sairastamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | sairastamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | sairastamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | sairastaman | sairastettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | sairastaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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Derived terms
[edit]nouns
verbs
Further reading
[edit]- “sairastaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03