rancidus

Latin

Etymology

From ranceō +‎ -idus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈran.ki.dus/, [ˈräŋkɪd̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈran.t͡ʃi.dus/, [ˈrän̠ʲt͡ʃid̪us]

Adjective

rancidus (feminine rancida, neuter rancidum); first/second-declension adjective

1. rancid, rank, stinking
2. disgusting, loathsome, offensive

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	rancidus	rancida	rancidum		rancidī	rancidae	rancida
genitive	rancidī	rancidae	rancidī		rancidōrum	rancidārum	rancidōrum
dative	rancidō	rancidae	rancidō		rancidīs
accusative	rancidum	rancidam	rancidum		rancidōs	rancidās	rancida
ablative	rancidō	rancidā	rancidō		rancidīs
vocative	rancide	rancida	rancidum		rancidī	rancidae	rancida

Derived terms

• rancidulus

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Romanian: rânced
• Dalmatian:
  • rancetiv
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: rancido
  • Neapolitan: ranceto
  • Sicilian: rancitu

    Calabrian: grancitu

• Padanian:
  • Friulian: rangid
  • Lombard: rans
  • Piedmontese: ransi, ranss
  • Venetan: granzio
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: ranci
  • Old Occitan: ransa f (hapax)
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Galician: ranzo; rancio, arrancio, rencio (Oriental)
  • Portuguese: ranço
  • Spanish: rancio
    • → French: rancio
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: ranchidu (Logudorese)
• Vulgar Latin: *rancicus
  • Corsican: rancicu
  • Italian: rancico
  • Piedmontese: rancigu
• Borrowings:
  • → English: rancid
  • → Middle French: rance
    • French: rance
    • → Dutch: rans, ranzig
    • → German: ranzig
  • → Portuguese: râncido

References

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “rancĭdus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 10: R, page 53

Further reading

• “rancidus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “rancidus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "rancidus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• rancidus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.