propugno

See also: propugnó and propugnò

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /proˈpuɲ.ɲo/
• Rhymes: -uɲɲo
• Hyphenation: pro‧pù‧gno

Verb

propugno

1. first-person singular present indicative of propugnare

Latin

Etymology

From pro- +‎ pugno.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /proːˈpuɡ.noː/, [proːˈpʊŋnoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /proˈpuɲ.ɲo/, [proˈpuɲːo]

Verb

prōpugnō (present infinitive prōpugnāre, perfect active prōpugnāvī, supine prōpugnātum); first conjugation

1. to fight or contend for
   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico :

     Ipsī ex silvīs rārī prōpugnābant nostrōsque intrā mūnītiōnēs ingredī prohibēbant.

     They fought from the woods in scattered groups and prevented our men from making their way within the fortifications.

2. to defend

   urbs prōpugnāta et līberāta ― defended and liberated city

Conjugation

   Conjugation of prōpugnō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	prōpugnō		prōpugnās		prōpugnat		prōpugnāmus		prōpugnātis		prōpugnant
	imperfect	prōpugnābam		prōpugnābās		prōpugnābat		prōpugnābāmus		prōpugnābātis		prōpugnābant
	future	prōpugnābō		prōpugnābis		prōpugnābit		prōpugnābimus		prōpugnābitis		prōpugnābunt
	perfect	prōpugnāvī		prōpugnāvistī		prōpugnāvit		prōpugnāvimus		prōpugnāvistis		prōpugnāvērunt, prōpugnāvēre
	pluperfect	prōpugnāveram		prōpugnāverās		prōpugnāverat		prōpugnāverāmus		prōpugnāverātis		prōpugnāverant
	future perfect	prōpugnāverō		prōpugnāveris		prōpugnāverit		prōpugnāverimus		prōpugnāveritis		prōpugnāverint
passive	present	prōpugnor		prōpugnāris, prōpugnāre		prōpugnātur		prōpugnāmur		prōpugnāminī		prōpugnantur
	imperfect	prōpugnābar		prōpugnābāris, prōpugnābāre		prōpugnābātur		prōpugnābāmur		prōpugnābāminī		prōpugnābantur
	future	prōpugnābor		prōpugnāberis, prōpugnābere		prōpugnābitur		prōpugnābimur		prōpugnābiminī		prōpugnābuntur
	perfect	prōpugnātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	prōpugnātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	prōpugnātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	prōpugnem		prōpugnēs		prōpugnet		prōpugnēmus		prōpugnētis		prōpugnent
	imperfect	prōpugnārem		prōpugnārēs		prōpugnāret		prōpugnārēmus		prōpugnārētis		prōpugnārent
	perfect	prōpugnāverim		prōpugnāverīs		prōpugnāverit		prōpugnāverīmus		prōpugnāverītis		prōpugnāverint
	pluperfect	prōpugnāvissem		prōpugnāvissēs		prōpugnāvisset		prōpugnāvissēmus		prōpugnāvissētis		prōpugnāvissent
passive	present	prōpugner		prōpugnēris, prōpugnēre		prōpugnētur		prōpugnēmur		prōpugnēminī		prōpugnentur
	imperfect	prōpugnārer		prōpugnārēris, prōpugnārēre		prōpugnārētur		prōpugnārēmur		prōpugnārēminī		prōpugnārentur
	perfect	prōpugnātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	prōpugnātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		prōpugnā		—		—		prōpugnāte		—
	future	—		prōpugnātō		prōpugnātō		—		prōpugnātōte		prōpugnantō
passive	present	—		prōpugnāre		—		—		prōpugnāminī		—
	future	—		prōpugnātor		prōpugnātor		—		—		prōpugnantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		prōpugnāre			prōpugnārī			prōpugnāns			—
future		prōpugnātūrum esse			prōpugnātum īrī			prōpugnātūrus			prōpugnandus
perfect		prōpugnāvisse			prōpugnātum esse			—			prōpugnātus
future perfect		—			prōpugnātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		prōpugnātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		prōpugnandī		prōpugnandō		prōpugnandum		prōpugnandō		prōpugnātum		prōpugnātū

Derived terms

• prōpugnātiō

Descendants

• English: propugn
• Italian: propugnare
• Spanish: propugnar

References

• “propugno”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “propugno”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• propugno in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• propugno in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Spanish

Verb

propugno

1. first-person singular present indicative of propugnar