pljuvati

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pľьvati.

Cognate with Bulgarian плюя (pljuja), Slovene pljuvati, Russian плевать (plevatʹ), Slovak pľuť. Non-Slavic cognates include Ancient Greek πτύω (ptúō), Gothic 𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (speiwan), Albanian shpif, Sanskrit ष्ठीवति (ṣṭhīvati, “to spit”), Old Armenian թուք (tʻukʻ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pʎûʋati/
• Hyphenation: plju‧va‧ti

Verb

pljȕvati impf (Cyrillic spelling пљу̏вати)

1. (transitive, intransitive) to spit

Conjugation

Conjugation of pljuvati

Infinitive: pljuvati		Present verbal adverb: pljȕjūći		Past verbal adverb: —		Verbal noun: pljȕvānje
Number		Singular			Plural
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Verbal forms		ja	ti	on / ona / ono	mi	vi	oni / one / ona
Present		pljujem	pljuješ	pljuje	pljujemo	pljujete	pljuju
Future	Future I	pljuvat ću1 pljuvaću	pljuvat ćeš1 pljuvaćeš	pljuvat će1 pljuvaće	pljuvat ćemo1 pljuvaćemo	pljuvat ćete1 pljuvaćete	pljuvat će1 pljuvaće
	Future II	bȕdēm pljuvao2	bȕdēš pljuvao2	bȕdē pljuvao2	bȕdēmo pljuvali2	bȕdēte pljuvali2	bȕdū pljuvali2
Past	Perfect	pljuvao sam2	pljuvao si2	pljuvao je2	pljuvali smo2	pljuvali ste2	pljuvali su2
	Pluperfect3	bȉo sam pljuvao2	bȉo si pljuvao2	bȉo je pljuvao2	bíli smo pljuvali2	bíli ste pljuvali2	bíli su pljuvali2
	Imperfect	pljuvah	pljuvaše	pljuvaše	pljuvasmo	pljuvaste	pljuvahu
Conditional I		pljuvao bih2	pljuvao bi2	pljuvao bi2	pljuvali bismo2	pljuvali biste2	pljuvali bi2
Conditional II4		bȉo bih pljuvao2	bȉo bi pljuvao2	bȉo bi pljuvao2	bíli bismo pljuvali2	bíli biste pljuvali2	bíli bi pljuvali2
Imperative		—	pljuj	—	pljujmo	pljujte	—
Active past participle		pljuvao m / pljuvala f / pljuvalo n			pljuvali m / pljuvale f / pljuvala n
Passive past participle		pljuvan m / pljuvana f / pljuvano n			pljuvani m / pljuvane f / pljuvana n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. 2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. 3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. 4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.   *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

• ispljùvati
• popljùvati
• upljùvati
• zapljùvati

Related terms

• pljȕnuti pf

Further reading

• “pljuvati”, in Hrvatski jezični portal (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “плюю́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress