piston

See also: Piston and pistón

English

A simplified animation of a piston reciprocating.

Piston

Etymology

From French piston.

Pronunciation

• enPR: pĭs'tən, IPA^(key): /ˈpɪstən/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪstən

Noun

piston (plural pistons)

1. (mechanics) A solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder, and moves under pressure (as in an engine) or displaces fluid (as in a pump)
2. (music) A valve device in some brass instruments for changing the pitch

Derived terms

• opposed piston opposed cylinder
• piston engine
• pistoning
• piston ring
• piston rod
• piston valve
• trunk piston

 

Translations

solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder

• Armenian: մխոց (hy) (mxocʻ)
• Bulgarian: бутало (bg) n (butalo)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 活塞 (wut⁶ sak¹)

  Mandarin: 活塞 (zh) (huósāi), (dated) 鞲鞴 (zh) (gōubèi)

• Czech: píst m
• Dutch: zuiger (nl) m
• Esperanto: piŝto
• Finnish: mäntä (fi)
• French: piston (fr) m
• Galician: pistón m, émbolo m, sucho m
• Georgian: დგუში (dguši)
• German: Kolben (de) m
• Greek: πιστόνι (el) n (pistóni)
• Hawaiian: hao kuʻe
• Hebrew: בוכנה \ בֻּכְנָה (he) f (bukhná)
• Hungarian: dugattyú (hu)
• Icelandic: stimpill (is) m, bulla (is) f
• Indonesian: piston (id)
• Italian: pistone (it) m
• Japanese: ピストン (ja) (pisuton), 活塞 (ja) (かっそく, kassoku), 喞子 (ja) (しょくし, shokushi)
• Kazakh: піспек (pıspek), поршень (porşen)
• Khmer: ពីស្តុង (pii stong)
• Korean: 피스톤 (piseuton)
• Latin: embolus m, fundulus m
• Latvian: virzulis m
• Macedonian: клип m (klip)
• Malay: piston, omboh (ms)
• Maori: kōkeke
• Mongolian: бүлүүр (mn) (bülüür)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: stempel n

  Nynorsk: stempel n

• Polish: tłok (pl) m
• Portuguese: pistão (pt) m
• Romanian: piston (ro) n
• Russian: по́ршень (ru) m (póršenʹ), плу́нжер (ru) m (plúnžer), золотни́к (ru) m (zolotník) (in a piston valve)
• Serbo-Croatian: klip (sh) m, stap (sh) m
• Spanish: pistón m, émbolo (es) m
• Swedish: kolv (sv) c
• Tagalog: tublik
• Thai: ลูกสูบ (th) (lûuk-sùup)
• Turkish: piston (tr)
• Vietnamese: pít tông
• Welsh: piston m, ceuffon, pillffon

valve of brass instruments

• Bulgarian: клапа (bg) f (klapa)
• Finnish: venttiili (fi), työntöventtiili
• French: piston (fr) m
• German: Pumpventil n, Perinetventil n
• Russian: писто́н (ru) m (pistón), кла́пан (ru) m (klápan)

in firearms

• Arabic: مِدَكّ m (midakk)
• Belarusian: іглі́ца f (ihlíca), уда́рнік m (udárnik)
• Bulgarian: please add this translation if you can
• Czech: please add this translation if you can
• Danish: please add this translation if you can
• Finnish: mäntä (fi)
• German: Piston m or n, Zündhütchenträger m
• Hungarian: please add this translation if you can
• Polish: odrzut m
• Russian: уда́рник (ru) m (udárnik)
• Serbo-Croatian: please add this translation if you can
• Slovak: please add this translation if you can
• Ukrainian: уда́рник m (udárnyk)

Verb

piston (third-person singular simple present pistons, present participle pistoning, simple past and past participle pistoned)

1. (intransitive) To move up and down or in and out like a piston.

Anagrams

• Pintos, Points, Tipson, instop, opts in, pinots, pintos, pitons, points, posnit, postin

Finnish

Noun

piston

1. genitive singular of pisto

French

Etymology

16th century in the sense of "pestle", borrowed from Italian pistone (15th century), from Latin pistāre, from the root pīnsō (“to crush”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pis.tɔ̃/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

piston m (plural pistons)

1. (mechanics) piston
2. (colloquial) contact, connection

   Pour trouver un boulot par ici, il faut avoir des pistons.

   To get a job round here you need connections.

Derived terms

• pistonner

Descendants

• → Catalan: pistó
• → English: piston
• → Greek: πιστόνι (pistóni)
• → Romanian: piston

Further reading

• “piston”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Anagrams

• pitons, points

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch piston, from French piston, from Italian pistone (15th century), from Latin pistāre, from the root pīnsō (“I crush”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpɪstɔn]
• Hyphenation: pis‧ton
• Rhymes: -tɔn
• Rhymes: -ɔn

Noun

piston (uncountable)

1. (engineering) piston.

   Synonyms: torak, seher

Further reading

• “piston” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French piston.

Noun

piston n (plural pistoane)

1. piston
2. (music) piston

Declension

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	piston	pistonul		pistoane	pistoanele
genitive-dative	piston	pistonului		pistoane	pistoanelor
vocative	pistonule			pistoanelor

Welsh

Etymology

From English piston.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɪsdɔn/, [ˈpɪstɔn]
• Rhymes: -ɪsdɔn

Noun

piston m (plural pistonau or pistynau)

1. (mechanics) piston

   Synonyms: pillffon, ceuffon

References

1. R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “piston”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies