pirum

See also: pīrum

Latin

Per De Vaan a loanword from an unknown Mediterranean substrate source, original form something like (a)pisom reflected also in Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́πῐον (ắpĭon, “pear”) and ᾰ̓́πῐος (ắpĭos, “pear tree”).^[1] Also compare Aramaic 𐡐𐡀𐡓𐡀 (pera, “fruit”).
Per Trubachyov ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peys-, akin to Latin pinsō, pistus, Proto-Slavic *pьšeno (whence Russian пшено́ (pšenó)). Compare Proto-Slavic *kruša (voiced counterpart: *gruša, whence Russian гру́ша (grúša)) akin to *krušiti (> Russian круши́ть (krušítʹ)).^[2]

pirum n (genitive pirī); second declension

This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

→ Proto-Brythonic: *per (see there for further descendants)
→ Proto-West Germanic: *peru (see there for further descendants)
→ Irish: piorra
Rhaeto-Romance:
- Romansch: pair, pér (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan), peir (Surmiran)
→ Scottish Gaelic: peur
⇒ Vulgar Latin: *pira (reanalyzed as feminine singular)
- Dalmatian: paira
- Eastern Romance:
  - Aromanian: pearã
  - Romanian: pară
- Italian: pera
- Old French: peire
  - French: poire
  - → Middle Irish: péire
    - Irish: péire
  - Norman: paithe, peire (continental Normandy), père (Guernsey)
- Old Occitan: pera
  - Catalan: pera
  - Occitan: pera
- Old Galician-Portuguese: pera
  - Galician: pera
  - Portuguese: pera
- Old Spanish: pera
  - Spanish: pera
- Rhaeto-Romance:
  - Romansch: paira
- Sardinian: pira
- Sicilian: piru
⇒ Vulgar Latin: [Term?] (diminutive)
- Padanian:
  - Friulian: piruç
  - Piedmontese: pruss

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pirum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 467
^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gruša”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 156