From Proto-Bantu *-jápʊda (“to tear, to separate”), reversive form of Proto-Bantu *-jápa (“to pluck”).
-phúla
- to break
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
-phula
- to take off fire if ready, to dish up
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
phula class 9/10 (plural diphula)
- valley
From Proto-Bantu *-jápʊda (“to tear, to separate”), reversive form of Proto-Bantu *-jápa (“to pluck”).
-phúla
- (transitive) to break, to fracture
- (transitive) to cause sudden death
Tone H
|
Infinitive
|
ukuphula
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuphula
|
ukungaphuli
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
phula
|
-phule
|
Plural
|
phulani
|
-phuleni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyaphula, ngiphula
|
engiphulayo, engiphula
|
ngiphula
|
angiphuli
|
engingaphuli
|
ngingaphuli
|
2nd singular
|
uyaphula, uphula
|
ophulayo, ophula
|
uphula
|
awuphuli
|
ongaphuli
|
ungaphuli
|
1st plural
|
siyaphula, siphula
|
esiphulayo, esiphula
|
siphula
|
asiphuli
|
esingaphuli
|
singaphuli
|
2nd plural
|
niyaphula, niphula
|
eniphulayo, eniphula
|
niphula
|
aniphuli
|
eningaphuli
|
ningaphuli
|
Class 1
|
uyaphula, uphula
|
ophulayo, ophula
|
ephula
|
akaphuli
|
ongaphuli
|
engaphuli
|
Class 2
|
bayaphula, baphula
|
abaphulayo, abaphula
|
bephula
|
abaphuli
|
abangaphuli
|
bengaphuli
|
Class 3
|
uyaphula, uphula
|
ophulayo, ophula
|
uphula
|
awuphuli
|
ongaphuli
|
ungaphuli
|
Class 4
|
iyaphula, iphula
|
ephulayo, ephula
|
iphula
|
ayiphuli
|
engaphuli
|
ingaphuli
|
Class 5
|
liyaphula, liphula
|
eliphulayo, eliphula
|
liphula
|
aliphuli
|
elingaphuli
|
lingaphuli
|
Class 6
|
ayaphula, aphula
|
aphulayo, aphula
|
ephula
|
awaphuli
|
angaphuli
|
engaphuli
|
Class 7
|
siyaphula, siphula
|
esiphulayo, esiphula
|
siphula
|
asiphuli
|
esingaphuli
|
singaphuli
|
Class 8
|
ziyaphula, ziphula
|
eziphulayo, eziphula
|
ziphula
|
aziphuli
|
ezingaphuli
|
zingaphuli
|
Class 9
|
iyaphula, iphula
|
ephulayo, ephula
|
iphula
|
ayiphuli
|
engaphuli
|
ingaphuli
|
Class 10
|
ziyaphula, ziphula
|
eziphulayo, eziphula
|
ziphula
|
aziphuli
|
ezingaphuli
|
zingaphuli
|
Class 11
|
luyaphula, luphula
|
oluphulayo, oluphula
|
luphula
|
aluphuli
|
olungaphuli
|
lungaphuli
|
Class 14
|
buyaphula, buphula
|
obuphulayo, obuphula
|
buphula
|
abuphuli
|
obungaphuli
|
bungaphuli
|
Class 15
|
kuyaphula, kuphula
|
okuphulayo, okuphula
|
kuphula
|
akuphuli
|
okungaphuli
|
kungaphuli
|
Class 17
|
kuyaphula, kuphula
|
okuphulayo, okuphula
|
kuphula
|
akuphuli
|
okungaphuli
|
kungaphuli
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiphulile, ngiphulē
|
engiphulile, engiphulē
|
ngiphulile, ngiphulē
|
angiphulanga
|
engingaphulanga
|
ngingaphulanga
|
2nd singular
|
uphulile, uphulē
|
ophulile, ophulē
|
uphulile, uphulē
|
awuphulanga
|
ongaphulanga
|
ungaphulanga
|
1st plural
|
siphulile, siphulē
|
esiphulile, esiphulē
|
siphulile, siphulē
|
asiphulanga
|
esingaphulanga
|
singaphulanga
|
2nd plural
|
niphulile, niphulē
|
eniphulile, eniphulē
|
niphulile, niphulē
|
aniphulanga
|
eningaphulanga
|
ningaphulanga
|
Class 1
|
uphulile, uphulē
|
ophulile, ophulē
|
ephulile, ephulē
|
akaphulanga
|
ongaphulanga
|
engaphulanga
|
Class 2
|
baphulile, baphulē
|
abaphulile, abaphulē
|
bephulile, bephulē
|
abaphulanga
|
abangaphulanga
|
bengaphulanga
|
Class 3
|
uphulile, uphulē
|
ophulile, ophulē
|
uphulile, uphulē
|
awuphulanga
|
ongaphulanga
|
ungaphulanga
|
Class 4
|
iphulile, iphulē
|
ephulile, ephulē
|
iphulile, iphulē
|
ayiphulanga
|
engaphulanga
|
ingaphulanga
|
Class 5
|
liphulile, liphulē
|
eliphulile, eliphulē
|
liphulile, liphulē
|
aliphulanga
|
elingaphulanga
|
lingaphulanga
|
Class 6
|
aphulile, aphulē
|
aphulile, aphulē
|
ephulile, ephulē
|
awaphulanga
|
angaphulanga
|
engaphulanga
|
Class 7
|
siphulile, siphulē
|
esiphulile, esiphulē
|
siphulile, siphulē
|
asiphulanga
|
esingaphulanga
|
singaphulanga
|
Class 8
|
ziphulile, ziphulē
|
eziphulile, eziphulē
|
ziphulile, ziphulē
|
aziphulanga
|
ezingaphulanga
|
zingaphulanga
|
Class 9
|
iphulile, iphulē
|
ephulile, ephulē
|
iphulile, iphulē
|
ayiphulanga
|
engaphulanga
|
ingaphulanga
|
Class 10
|
ziphulile, ziphulē
|
eziphulile, eziphulē
|
ziphulile, ziphulē
|
aziphulanga
|
ezingaphulanga
|
zingaphulanga
|
Class 11
|
luphulile, luphulē
|
oluphulile, oluphulē
|
luphulile, luphulē
|
aluphulanga
|
olungaphulanga
|
lungaphulanga
|
Class 14
|
buphulile, buphulē
|
obuphulile, obuphulē
|
buphulile, buphulē
|
abuphulanga
|
obungaphulanga
|
bungaphulanga
|
Class 15
|
kuphulile, kuphulē
|
okuphulile, okuphulē
|
kuphulile, kuphulē
|
akuphulanga
|
okungaphulanga
|
kungaphulanga
|
Class 17
|
kuphulile, kuphulē
|
okuphulile, okuphulē
|
kuphulile, kuphulē
|
akuphulanga
|
okungaphulanga
|
kungaphulanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāphula
|
engāphula
|
ngāphula
|
angiphulanga
|
engingaphulanga
|
ngingaphulanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāphula
|
owāphula
|
wāphula
|
awuphulanga
|
ongaphulanga
|
ungaphulanga
|
1st plural
|
sāphula
|
esāphula
|
sāphula
|
asiphulanga
|
esingaphulanga
|
singaphulanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāphula
|
enāphula
|
nāphula
|
aniphulanga
|
eningaphulanga
|
ningaphulanga
|
Class 1
|
wāphula
|
owāphula
|
āphula
|
akaphulanga
|
ongaphulanga
|
engaphulanga
|
Class 2
|
bāphula
|
abāphula
|
bāphula
|
abaphulanga
|
abangaphulanga
|
bengaphulanga
|
Class 3
|
wāphula
|
owāphula
|
wāphula
|
awuphulanga
|
ongaphulanga
|
ungaphulanga
|
Class 4
|
yāphula
|
eyāphula
|
yāphula
|
ayiphulanga
|
engaphulanga
|
ingaphulanga
|
Class 5
|
lāphula
|
elāphula
|
lāphula
|
aliphulanga
|
elingaphulanga
|
lingaphulanga
|
Class 6
|
āphula
|
āphula
|
āphula
|
awaphulanga
|
angaphulanga
|
engaphulanga
|
Class 7
|
sāphula
|
esāphula
|
sāphula
|
asiphulanga
|
esingaphulanga
|
singaphulanga
|
Class 8
|
zāphula
|
ezāphula
|
zāphula
|
aziphulanga
|
ezingaphulanga
|
zingaphulanga
|
Class 9
|
yāphula
|
eyāphula
|
yāphula
|
ayiphulanga
|
engaphulanga
|
ingaphulanga
|
Class 10
|
zāphula
|
ezāphula
|
zāphula
|
aziphulanga
|
ezingaphulanga
|
zingaphulanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāphula
|
olwāphula
|
lwāphula
|
aluphulanga
|
olungaphulanga
|
lungaphulanga
|
Class 14
|
bāphula
|
obāphula
|
bāphula
|
abuphulanga
|
obungaphulanga
|
bungaphulanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāphula
|
okwāphula
|
kwāphula
|
akuphulanga
|
okungaphulanga
|
kungaphulanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāphula
|
okwāphula
|
kwāphula
|
akuphulanga
|
okungaphulanga
|
kungaphulanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingaphula
|
—
|
ngingaphula
|
ngingephule
|
—
|
ngingephule
|
2nd singular
|
ungaphula
|
—
|
ungaphula
|
ungephule
|
—
|
ungephule
|
1st plural
|
singaphula
|
—
|
singaphula
|
singephule
|
—
|
singephule
|
2nd plural
|
ningaphula
|
—
|
ningaphula
|
ningephule
|
—
|
ningephule
|
Class 1
|
angaphula
|
—
|
engaphula
|
angephule
|
—
|
engephule
|
Class 2
|
bangaphula
|
—
|
bengaphula
|
bangephule
|
—
|
bengephule
|
Class 3
|
ungaphula
|
—
|
ungaphula
|
ungephule
|
—
|
ungephule
|
Class 4
|
ingaphula
|
—
|
ingaphula
|
ingephule
|
—
|
ingephule
|
Class 5
|
lingaphula
|
—
|
lingaphula
|
lingephule
|
—
|
lingephule
|
Class 6
|
angaphula
|
—
|
engaphula
|
angephule
|
—
|
engephule
|
Class 7
|
singaphula
|
—
|
singaphula
|
singephule
|
—
|
singephule
|
Class 8
|
zingaphula
|
—
|
zingaphula
|
zingephule
|
—
|
zingephule
|
Class 9
|
ingaphula
|
—
|
ingaphula
|
ingephule
|
—
|
ingephule
|
Class 10
|
zingaphula
|
—
|
zingaphula
|
zingephule
|
—
|
zingephule
|
Class 11
|
lungaphula
|
—
|
lungaphula
|
lungephule
|
—
|
lungephule
|
Class 14
|
bungaphula
|
—
|
bungaphula
|
bungephule
|
—
|
bungephule
|
Class 15
|
kungaphula
|
—
|
kungaphula
|
kungephule
|
—
|
kungephule
|
Class 17
|
kungaphula
|
—
|
kungaphula
|
kungephule
|
—
|
kungephule
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizophula
|
engizophula
|
ngizophula
|
angizuphula
|
engingezuphula
|
ngingezuphula
|
2nd singular
|
uzophula
|
ozophula
|
uzophula
|
awuzuphula
|
ongezuphula
|
ungezuphula
|
1st plural
|
sizophula
|
esizophula
|
sizophula
|
asizuphula
|
esingezuphula
|
singezuphula
|
2nd plural
|
nizophula
|
enizophula
|
nizophula
|
anizuphula
|
eningezuphula
|
ningezuphula
|
Class 1
|
uzophula
|
ozophula
|
ezophula
|
akazuphula
|
ongezuphula
|
engezuphula
|
Class 2
|
bazophula
|
abazophula
|
bezophula
|
abazuphula
|
abangezuphula
|
bengezuphula
|
Class 3
|
uzophula
|
ozophula
|
uzophula
|
awuzuphula
|
ongezuphula
|
ungezuphula
|
Class 4
|
izophula
|
ezophula
|
izophula
|
ayizuphula
|
engezuphula
|
ingezuphula
|
Class 5
|
lizophula
|
elizophula
|
lizophula
|
alizuphula
|
elingezuphula
|
lingezuphula
|
Class 6
|
azophula
|
azophula
|
ezophula
|
awazuphula
|
angezuphula
|
engezuphula
|
Class 7
|
sizophula
|
esizophula
|
sizophula
|
asizuphula
|
esingezuphula
|
singezuphula
|
Class 8
|
zizophula
|
ezizophula
|
zizophula
|
azizuphula
|
ezingezuphula
|
zingezuphula
|
Class 9
|
izophula
|
ezophula
|
izophula
|
ayizuphula
|
engezuphula
|
ingezuphula
|
Class 10
|
zizophula
|
ezizophula
|
zizophula
|
azizuphula
|
ezingezuphula
|
zingezuphula
|
Class 11
|
luzophula
|
oluzophula
|
luzophula
|
aluzuphula
|
olungezuphula
|
lungezuphula
|
Class 14
|
buzophula
|
obuzophula
|
buzophula
|
abuzuphula
|
obungezuphula
|
bungezuphula
|
Class 15
|
kuzophula
|
okuzophula
|
kuzophula
|
akuzuphula
|
okungezuphula
|
kungezuphula
|
Class 17
|
kuzophula
|
okuzophula
|
kuzophula
|
akuzuphula
|
okungezuphula
|
kungezuphula
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyophula
|
engiyophula
|
ngiyophula
|
angiyuphula
|
engingeyuphula
|
ngingeyuphula
|
2nd singular
|
uyophula
|
oyophula
|
uyophula
|
awuyuphula
|
ongeyuphula
|
ungeyuphula
|
1st plural
|
siyophula
|
esiyophula
|
siyophula
|
asiyuphula
|
esingeyuphula
|
singeyuphula
|
2nd plural
|
niyophula
|
eniyophula
|
niyophula
|
aniyuphula
|
eningeyuphula
|
ningeyuphula
|
Class 1
|
uyophula
|
oyophula
|
eyophula
|
akayuphula
|
ongeyuphula
|
engeyuphula
|
Class 2
|
bayophula
|
abayophula
|
beyophula
|
abayuphula
|
abangeyuphula
|
bengeyuphula
|
Class 3
|
uyophula
|
oyophula
|
uyophula
|
awuyuphula
|
ongeyuphula
|
ungeyuphula
|
Class 4
|
iyophula
|
eyophula
|
iyophula
|
ayiyuphula
|
engeyuphula
|
ingeyuphula
|
Class 5
|
liyophula
|
eliyophula
|
liyophula
|
aliyuphula
|
elingeyuphula
|
lingeyuphula
|
Class 6
|
ayophula
|
ayophula
|
eyophula
|
awayuphula
|
angeyuphula
|
engeyuphula
|
Class 7
|
siyophula
|
esiyophula
|
siyophula
|
asiyuphula
|
esingeyuphula
|
singeyuphula
|
Class 8
|
ziyophula
|
eziyophula
|
ziyophula
|
aziyuphula
|
ezingeyuphula
|
zingeyuphula
|
Class 9
|
iyophula
|
eyophula
|
iyophula
|
ayiyuphula
|
engeyuphula
|
ingeyuphula
|
Class 10
|
ziyophula
|
eziyophula
|
ziyophula
|
aziyuphula
|
ezingeyuphula
|
zingeyuphula
|
Class 11
|
luyophula
|
oluyophula
|
luyophula
|
aluyuphula
|
olungeyuphula
|
lungeyuphula
|
Class 14
|
buyophula
|
obuyophula
|
buyophula
|
abuyuphula
|
obungeyuphula
|
bungeyuphula
|
Class 15
|
kuyophula
|
okuyophula
|
kuyophula
|
akuyuphula
|
okungeyuphula
|
kungeyuphula
|
Class 17
|
kuyophula
|
okuyophula
|
kuyophula
|
akuyuphula
|
okungeyuphula
|
kungeyuphula
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngiphule
|
ngingaphuli
|
2nd singular
|
uphule
|
ungaphuli
|
1st plural
|
siphule
|
singaphuli
|
2nd plural
|
niphule
|
ningaphuli
|
Class 1
|
aphule
|
angaphuli
|
Class 2
|
baphule
|
bangaphuli
|
Class 3
|
uphule
|
ungaphuli
|
Class 4
|
iphule
|
ingaphuli
|
Class 5
|
liphule
|
lingaphuli
|
Class 6
|
aphule
|
angaphuli
|
Class 7
|
siphule
|
singaphuli
|
Class 8
|
ziphule
|
zingaphuli
|
Class 9
|
iphule
|
ingaphuli
|
Class 10
|
ziphule
|
zingaphuli
|
Class 11
|
luphule
|
lungaphuli
|
Class 14
|
buphule
|
bungaphuli
|
Class 15
|
kuphule
|
kungaphuli
|
Class 17
|
kuphule
|
kungaphuli
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngaphula
|
ngangaphula, angaphula, angangaphula
|
2nd singular
|
waphula
|
wangaphula, awaphula, awangaphula
|
1st plural
|
saphula
|
sangaphula, asaphula, asangaphula
|
2nd plural
|
naphula
|
nangaphula, anaphula, anangaphula
|
Class 1
|
waphula
|
wangaphula, akaphula, akangaphula
|
Class 2
|
baphula
|
bangaphula, abaphula, abangaphula
|
Class 3
|
waphula
|
wangaphula, awaphula, awangaphula
|
Class 4
|
yaphula
|
yangaphula, ayaphula, ayangaphula
|
Class 5
|
laphula
|
langaphula, alaphula, alangaphula
|
Class 6
|
aphula
|
angaphula, awaphula, awangaphula
|
Class 7
|
saphula
|
sangaphula, asaphula, asangaphula
|
Class 8
|
zaphula
|
zangaphula, azaphula, azangaphula
|
Class 9
|
yaphula
|
yangaphula, ayaphula, ayangaphula
|
Class 10
|
zaphula
|
zangaphula, azaphula, azangaphula
|
Class 11
|
lwaphula
|
lwangaphula, alwaphula, alwangaphula
|
Class 14
|
baphula
|
bangaphula, abaphula, abangaphula
|
Class 15
|
kwaphula
|
kwangaphula, akwaphula, akwangaphula
|
Class 17
|
kwaphula
|
kwangaphula, akwaphula, akwangaphula
|