ephuka

Swazi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jápʊka (“be split, be separated”), reversive form of Proto-Bantu *-jápa (“to pluck”).

Verb

-éphúka

to get broken, to break

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Alternative forms

phuka

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jápʊka (“be split, be separated”), reversive form of Proto-Bantu *-jápa (“to pluck”).

Verb

-ephúka

(intransitive) to break, to fracture, to get broken

Inflection

tone H (infinitive *ukwephuka*)
imperative
	positive	negative
infinitive	ukwephuka	ukungephuki

	simple	+ object concord
singular	yephuka	-ephuke
plural	yephukani	-ephukeni

present
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyephuka, ngephuka	engephukayo, engephuka	ngephuka	angephuki	engingephuki	ngingephuki
2nd singular	uyephuka, wephuka	owephukayo, owephuka	wephuka	awephuki	ongephuki	ungephuki
1st plural	siyephuka, sephuka	esephukayo, esephuka	sephuka	asephuki	esingephuki	singephuki
2nd plural	niyephuka, nephuka	enephukayo, enephuka	nephuka	anephuki	eningephuki	ningephuki
class 1	uyephuka, wephuka	owephukayo, owephuka	ephuka	akephuki	ongephuki	engephuki
class 2	bayephuka, bephuka	abephukayo, abephuka	bephuka	abephuki	abangephuki	bengephuki
class 3	uyephuka, wephuka	owephukayo, owephuka	wephuka	awephuki	ongephuki	ungephuki
class 4	iyephuka, yephuka	eyephukayo, eyephuka	yephuka	ayephuki	engephuki	ingephuki
class 5	liyephuka, lephuka	elephukayo, elephuka	lephuka	alephuki	elingephuki	lingephuki
class 6	ayephuka, ephuka	ephukayo, ephuka	ephuka	awephuki	angephuki	engephuki
class 7	siyephuka, sephuka	esephukayo, esephuka	sephuka	asephuki	esingephuki	singephuki
class 8	ziyephuka, zephuka	ezephukayo, ezephuka	zephuka	azephuki	ezingephuki	zingephuki
class 9	iyephuka, yephuka	eyephukayo, eyephuka	yephuka	ayephuki	engephuki	ingephuki
class 10	ziyephuka, zephuka	ezephukayo, ezephuka	zephuka	azephuki	ezingephuki	zingephuki
class 11	luyephuka, lwephuka	olwephukayo, olwephuka	lwephuka	alwephuki	olungephuki	lungephuki
class 14	buyephuka, bephuka	obephukayo, obephuka	bephuka	abephuki	obungephuki	bungephuki
class 15	kuyephuka, kwephuka	okwephukayo, okwephuka	kwephuka	akwephuki	okungephuki	kungephuki
class 17	kuyephuka, kwephuka	okwephukayo, okwephuka	kwephuka	akwephuki	okungephuki	kungephuki

recent past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngephukile, ngephukē	engephukile, engephukē	ngephukile, ngephukē	angephukanga	engingephukanga	ngingephukanga
2nd singular	wephukile, wephukē	owephukile, owephukē	wephukile, wephukē	awephukanga	ongephukanga	ungephukanga
1st plural	sephukile, sephukē	esephukile, esephukē	sephukile, sephukē	asephukanga	esingephukanga	singephukanga
2nd plural	nephukile, nephukē	enephukile, enephukē	nephukile, nephukē	anephukanga	eningephukanga	ningephukanga
class 1	wephukile, wephukē	owephukile, owephukē	ephukile, ephukē	akephukanga	ongephukanga	engephukanga
class 2	bephukile, bephukē	abephukile, abephukē	bephukile, bephukē	abephukanga	abangephukanga	bengephukanga
class 3	wephukile, wephukē	owephukile, owephukē	wephukile, wephukē	awephukanga	ongephukanga	ungephukanga
class 4	yephukile, yephukē	eyephukile, eyephukē	yephukile, yephukē	ayephukanga	engephukanga	ingephukanga
class 5	lephukile, lephukē	elephukile, elephukē	lephukile, lephukē	alephukanga	elingephukanga	lingephukanga
class 6	ephukile, ephukē	ephukile, ephukē	ephukile, ephukē	awephukanga	angephukanga	engephukanga
class 7	sephukile, sephukē	esephukile, esephukē	sephukile, sephukē	asephukanga	esingephukanga	singephukanga
class 8	zephukile, zephukē	ezephukile, ezephukē	zephukile, zephukē	azephukanga	ezingephukanga	zingephukanga
class 9	yephukile, yephukē	eyephukile, eyephukē	yephukile, yephukē	ayephukanga	engephukanga	ingephukanga
class 10	zephukile, zephukē	ezephukile, ezephukē	zephukile, zephukē	azephukanga	ezingephukanga	zingephukanga
class 11	lwephukile, lwephukē	olwephukile, olwephukē	lwephukile, lwephukē	alwephukanga	olungephukanga	lungephukanga
class 14	bephukile, bephukē	obephukile, obephukē	bephukile, bephukē	abephukanga	obungephukanga	bungephukanga
class 15	kwephukile, kwephukē	okwephukile, okwephukē	kwephukile, kwephukē	akwephukanga	okungephukanga	kungephukanga
class 17	kwephukile, kwephukē	okwephukile, okwephukē	kwephukile, kwephukē	akwephukanga	okungephukanga	kungephukanga

remote past
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngēphuka	engēphuka	ngēphuka	angephukanga	engingephukanga	ngingephukanga
2nd singular	wēphuka	owēphuka	wēphuka	awephukanga	ongephukanga	ungephukanga
1st plural	sēphuka	esēphuka	sēphuka	asephukanga	esingephukanga	singephukanga
2nd plural	nēphuka	enēphuka	nēphuka	anephukanga	eningephukanga	ningephukanga
class 1	wēphuka	owēphuka	ēphuka	akephukanga	ongephukanga	engephukanga
class 2	bēphuka	abēphuka	bēphuka	abephukanga	abangephukanga	bengephukanga
class 3	wēphuka	owēphuka	wēphuka	awephukanga	ongephukanga	ungephukanga
class 4	yēphuka	eyēphuka	yēphuka	ayephukanga	engephukanga	ingephukanga
class 5	lēphuka	elēphuka	lēphuka	alephukanga	elingephukanga	lingephukanga
class 6	ēphuka	ēphuka	ēphuka	awephukanga	angephukanga	engephukanga
class 7	sēphuka	esēphuka	sēphuka	asephukanga	esingephukanga	singephukanga
class 8	zēphuka	ezēphuka	zēphuka	azephukanga	ezingephukanga	zingephukanga
class 9	yēphuka	eyēphuka	yēphuka	ayephukanga	engephukanga	ingephukanga
class 10	zēphuka	ezēphuka	zēphuka	azephukanga	ezingephukanga	zingephukanga
class 11	lwēphuka	olwēphuka	lwēphuka	alwephukanga	olungephukanga	lungephukanga
class 14	bēphuka	obēphuka	bēphuka	abephukanga	obungephukanga	bungephukanga
class 15	kwēphuka	okwēphuka	kwēphuka	akwephukanga	okungephukanga	kungephukanga
class 17	kwēphuka	okwēphuka	kwēphuka	akwephukanga	okungephukanga	kungephukanga

potential
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngingephuka	—	ngingephuka	ngingephuke	—	ngingephuke
2nd singular	ungephuka	—	ungephuka	ungephuke	—	ungephuke
1st plural	singephuka	—	singephuka	singephuke	—	singephuke
2nd plural	ningephuka	—	ningephuka	ningephuke	—	ningephuke
class 1	angephuka	—	engephuka	angephuke	—	engephuke
class 2	bangephuka	—	bengephuka	bangephuke	—	bengephuke
class 3	ungephuka	—	ungephuka	ungephuke	—	ungephuke
class 4	ingephuka	—	ingephuka	ingephuke	—	ingephuke
class 5	lingephuka	—	lingephuka	lingephuke	—	lingephuke
class 6	angephuka	—	engephuka	angephuke	—	engephuke
class 7	singephuka	—	singephuka	singephuke	—	singephuke
class 8	zingephuka	—	zingephuka	zingephuke	—	zingephuke
class 9	ingephuka	—	ingephuka	ingephuke	—	ingephuke
class 10	zingephuka	—	zingephuka	zingephuke	—	zingephuke
class 11	lungephuka	—	lungephuka	lungephuke	—	lungephuke
class 14	bungephuka	—	bungephuka	bungephuke	—	bungephuke
class 15	kungephuka	—	kungephuka	kungephuke	—	kungephuke
class 17	kungephuka	—	kungephuka	kungephuke	—	kungephuke

immediate future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngizokwephuka	engizokwephuka	ngizokwephuka	angizukwephuka	engingezukwephuka	ngingezukwephuka
2nd singular	uzokwephuka	ozokwephuka	uzokwephuka	awuzukwephuka	ongezukwephuka	ungezukwephuka
1st plural	sizokwephuka	esizokwephuka	sizokwephuka	asizukwephuka	esingezukwephuka	singezukwephuka
2nd plural	nizokwephuka	enizokwephuka	nizokwephuka	anizukwephuka	eningezukwephuka	ningezukwephuka
class 1	uzokwephuka	ozokwephuka	ezokwephuka	akazukwephuka	ongezukwephuka	engezukwephuka
class 2	bazokwephuka	abazokwephuka	bezokwephuka	abazukwephuka	abangezukwephuka	bengezukwephuka
class 3	uzokwephuka	ozokwephuka	uzokwephuka	awuzukwephuka	ongezukwephuka	ungezukwephuka
class 4	izokwephuka	ezokwephuka	izokwephuka	ayizukwephuka	engezukwephuka	ingezukwephuka
class 5	lizokwephuka	elizokwephuka	lizokwephuka	alizukwephuka	elingezukwephuka	lingezukwephuka
class 6	azokwephuka	azokwephuka	ezokwephuka	awazukwephuka	angezukwephuka	engezukwephuka
class 7	sizokwephuka	esizokwephuka	sizokwephuka	asizukwephuka	esingezukwephuka	singezukwephuka
class 8	zizokwephuka	ezizokwephuka	zizokwephuka	azizukwephuka	ezingezukwephuka	zingezukwephuka
class 9	izokwephuka	ezokwephuka	izokwephuka	ayizukwephuka	engezukwephuka	ingezukwephuka
class 10	zizokwephuka	ezizokwephuka	zizokwephuka	azizukwephuka	ezingezukwephuka	zingezukwephuka
class 11	luzokwephuka	oluzokwephuka	luzokwephuka	aluzukwephuka	olungezukwephuka	lungezukwephuka
class 14	buzokwephuka	obuzokwephuka	buzokwephuka	abuzukwephuka	obungezukwephuka	bungezukwephuka
class 15	kuzokwephuka	okuzokwephuka	kuzokwephuka	akuzukwephuka	okungezukwephuka	kungezukwephuka
class 17	kuzokwephuka	okuzokwephuka	kuzokwephuka	akuzukwephuka	okungezukwephuka	kungezukwephuka

remote future
	positive absolute	positive relative	positive participial	negative absolute	negative relative	negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokwephuka	engiyokwephuka	ngiyokwephuka	angiyukwephuka	engingeyukwephuka	ngingeyukwephuka
2nd singular	uyokwephuka	oyokwephuka	uyokwephuka	awuyukwephuka	ongeyukwephuka	ungeyukwephuka
1st plural	siyokwephuka	esiyokwephuka	siyokwephuka	asiyukwephuka	esingeyukwephuka	singeyukwephuka
2nd plural	niyokwephuka	eniyokwephuka	niyokwephuka	aniyukwephuka	eningeyukwephuka	ningeyukwephuka
class 1	uyokwephuka	oyokwephuka	eyokwephuka	akayukwephuka	ongeyukwephuka	engeyukwephuka
class 2	bayokwephuka	abayokwephuka	beyokwephuka	abayukwephuka	abangeyukwephuka	bengeyukwephuka
class 3	uyokwephuka	oyokwephuka	uyokwephuka	awuyukwephuka	ongeyukwephuka	ungeyukwephuka
class 4	iyokwephuka	eyokwephuka	iyokwephuka	ayiyukwephuka	engeyukwephuka	ingeyukwephuka
class 5	liyokwephuka	eliyokwephuka	liyokwephuka	aliyukwephuka	elingeyukwephuka	lingeyukwephuka
class 6	ayokwephuka	ayokwephuka	eyokwephuka	awayukwephuka	angeyukwephuka	engeyukwephuka
class 7	siyokwephuka	esiyokwephuka	siyokwephuka	asiyukwephuka	esingeyukwephuka	singeyukwephuka
class 8	ziyokwephuka	eziyokwephuka	ziyokwephuka	aziyukwephuka	ezingeyukwephuka	zingeyukwephuka
class 9	iyokwephuka	eyokwephuka	iyokwephuka	ayiyukwephuka	engeyukwephuka	ingeyukwephuka
class 10	ziyokwephuka	eziyokwephuka	ziyokwephuka	aziyukwephuka	ezingeyukwephuka	zingeyukwephuka
class 11	luyokwephuka	oluyokwephuka	luyokwephuka	aluyukwephuka	olungeyukwephuka	lungeyukwephuka
class 14	buyokwephuka	obuyokwephuka	buyokwephuka	abuyukwephuka	obungeyukwephuka	bungeyukwephuka
class 15	kuyokwephuka	okuyokwephuka	kuyokwephuka	akuyukwephuka	okungeyukwephuka	kungeyukwephuka
class 17	kuyokwephuka	okuyokwephuka	kuyokwephuka	akuyukwephuka	okungeyukwephuka	kungeyukwephuka

present subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngephuke	ngingephuki
2nd singular	wephuke	ungephuki
1st plural	sephuke	singephuki
2nd plural	nephuke	ningephuki
class 1	ephuke	angephuki
class 2	bephuke	bangephuki
class 3	wephuke	ungephuki
class 4	yephuke	ingephuki
class 5	lephuke	lingephuki
class 6	ephuke	angephuki
class 7	sephuke	singephuki
class 8	zephuke	zingephuki
class 9	yephuke	ingephuki
class 10	zephuke	zingephuki
class 11	lwephuke	lungephuki
class 14	bephuke	bungephuki
class 15	kwephuke	kungephuki
class 17	kwephuke	kungephuki

past subjunctive
	positive	negative
1st singular	ngephuka	ngangephuka, angephuka, angangephuka
2nd singular	wephuka	wangephuka, awephuka, awangephuka
1st plural	sephuka	sangephuka, asephuka, asangephuka
2nd plural	nephuka	nangephuka, anephuka, anangephuka
class 1	wephuka	wangephuka, akephuka, akangephuka
class 2	bephuka	bangephuka, abephuka, abangephuka
class 3	wephuka	wangephuka, awephuka, awangephuka
class 4	yephuka	yangephuka, ayephuka, ayangephuka
class 5	lephuka	langephuka, alephuka, alangephuka
class 6	ephuka	angephuka, awephuka, awangephuka
class 7	sephuka	sangephuka, asephuka, asangephuka
class 8	zephuka	zangephuka, azephuka, azangephuka
class 9	yephuka	yangephuka, ayephuka, ayangephuka
class 10	zephuka	zangephuka, azephuka, azangephuka
class 11	lwephuka	lwangephuka, alwephuka, alwangephuka
class 14	bephuka	bangephuka, abephuka, abangephuka
class 15	kwephuka	kwangephuka, akwephuka, akwangephuka
class 17	kwephuka	kwangephuka, akwephuka, akwangephuka

Related terms

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “ephuka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ephuka (3.2.9)”