peninkulma

Finnish

Etymology

Possibly from penin (“dog”) +‎ kuuluma (“to be heard”), the "distance a dog can be heard from". Relation to the Swedish mil is a secondary development.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpeninˌkulmɑ/, [ˈpe̞niŋˌkulmɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ulmɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): penin‧kulma

Noun

peninkulma

1. (archaic) measure of length equal to 10 kilometers (from the year 1887)
2. (obsolete) measure of length equal to 10.688 kilometers (in 1655-1886), i.e. the Swedish mil
3. (obsolete) measure of length equal to about six kilometers (before 1655)

Declension

Inflection of peninkulma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative		peninkulma	peninkulmat
genitive		peninkulman	peninkulmien
partitive		peninkulmaa	peninkulmia
illative		peninkulmaan	peninkulmiin
		singular	plural
nominative		peninkulma	peninkulmat
accusative	nom.	peninkulma	peninkulmat
	gen.	peninkulman
genitive		peninkulman	peninkulmien peninkulmain rare
partitive		peninkulmaa	peninkulmia
inessive		peninkulmassa	peninkulmissa
elative		peninkulmasta	peninkulmista
illative		peninkulmaan	peninkulmiin
adessive		peninkulmalla	peninkulmilla
ablative		peninkulmalta	peninkulmilta
allative		peninkulmalle	peninkulmille
essive		peninkulmana	peninkulmina
translative		peninkulmaksi	peninkulmiksi
abessive		peninkulmatta	peninkulmitta
instructive		—	peninkulmin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of peninkulma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative peninkulmani peninkulmani accusative nom. peninkulmani peninkulmani gen. peninkulmani genitive peninkulmani peninkulmieni peninkulmaini rare partitive peninkulmaani peninkulmiani inessive peninkulmassani peninkulmissani elative peninkulmastani peninkulmistani illative peninkulmaani peninkulmiini adessive peninkulmallani peninkulmillani ablative peninkulmaltani peninkulmiltani allative peninkulmalleni peninkulmilleni essive peninkulmanani peninkulminani translative peninkulmakseni peninkulmikseni abessive peninkulmattani peninkulmittani instructive — — comitative — peninkulmineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative peninkulmasi peninkulmasi accusative nom. peninkulmasi peninkulmasi gen. peninkulmasi genitive peninkulmasi peninkulmiesi peninkulmaisi rare partitive peninkulmaasi peninkulmiasi inessive peninkulmassasi peninkulmissasi elative peninkulmastasi peninkulmistasi illative peninkulmaasi peninkulmiisi adessive peninkulmallasi peninkulmillasi ablative peninkulmaltasi peninkulmiltasi allative peninkulmallesi peninkulmillesi essive peninkulmanasi peninkulminasi translative peninkulmaksesi peninkulmiksesi abessive peninkulmattasi peninkulmittasi instructive — — comitative — peninkulminesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative peninkulmamme peninkulmamme accusative nom. peninkulmamme peninkulmamme gen. peninkulmamme genitive peninkulmamme peninkulmiemme peninkulmaimme rare partitive peninkulmaamme peninkulmiamme inessive peninkulmassamme peninkulmissamme elative peninkulmastamme peninkulmistamme illative peninkulmaamme peninkulmiimme adessive peninkulmallamme peninkulmillamme ablative peninkulmaltamme peninkulmiltamme allative peninkulmallemme peninkulmillemme essive peninkulmanamme peninkulminamme translative peninkulmaksemme peninkulmiksemme abessive peninkulmattamme peninkulmittamme instructive — — comitative — peninkulminemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative peninkulmanne peninkulmanne accusative nom. peninkulmanne peninkulmanne gen. peninkulmanne genitive peninkulmanne peninkulmienne peninkulmainne rare partitive peninkulmaanne peninkulmianne inessive peninkulmassanne peninkulmissanne elative peninkulmastanne peninkulmistanne illative peninkulmaanne peninkulmiinne adessive peninkulmallanne peninkulmillanne ablative peninkulmaltanne peninkulmiltanne allative peninkulmallenne peninkulmillenne essive peninkulmananne peninkulminanne translative peninkulmaksenne peninkulmiksenne abessive peninkulmattanne peninkulmittanne instructive — — comitative — peninkulminenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative peninkulmansa peninkulmansa accusative nom. peninkulmansa peninkulmansa gen. peninkulmansa genitive peninkulmansa peninkulmiensa peninkulmainsa rare partitive peninkulmaansa peninkulmiaan peninkulmiansa inessive peninkulmassaan peninkulmassansa peninkulmissaan peninkulmissansa elative peninkulmastaan peninkulmastansa peninkulmistaan peninkulmistansa illative peninkulmaansa peninkulmiinsa adessive peninkulmallaan peninkulmallansa peninkulmillaan peninkulmillansa ablative peninkulmaltaan peninkulmaltansa peninkulmiltaan peninkulmiltansa allative peninkulmalleen peninkulmallensa peninkulmilleen peninkulmillensa essive peninkulmanaan peninkulmanansa peninkulminaan peninkulminansa translative peninkulmakseen peninkulmaksensa peninkulmikseen peninkulmiksensa abessive peninkulmattaan peninkulmattansa peninkulmittaan peninkulmittansa instructive — — comitative — peninkulmineen peninkulminensa

Synonyms

• penikuorma

Derived terms

compounds

• englanninpeninkulma
• meripeninkulma
• neliöpeninkulma

 

Further reading

• “peninkulma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03