oxymoron
English
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]First attested in the 17th century, noun use of 5th century Latin oxymōrum (adj), neut. nom. form of oxymōrus (adj),[1] from Ancient Greek ὀξύμωρος (oxúmōros), compound of ὀξύς (oxús, “sharp, keen, pointed”)[2] (English oxy-, as in oxygen) + μωρός (mōrós, “dull, stupid, foolish”)[3] (English moron (“stupid person”)). Literally "sharp-dull", "keen-stupid", or "pointed-foolish"[4] – itself an oxymoron, hence autological; compare sophomore (literally “wise fool”), influenced by similar analysis. The compound form ὀξύμωρον (oxúmōron) is not found in the extant Ancient Greek sources.[5]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (UK) IPA(key): /ɒksɪˈmɔːɹɒn/
- (US) enPR: äk-sē-môrʹ-än, äk-sĭ-môrʹ-än, IPA(key): /ˌɑksiˈmɔɹɑn/, /ɑksɪˈmɔɹɑn/
Audio (US): (file) Audio (General Australian): (file)
Noun
[edit]oxymoron (plural oxymorons or oxymora)
| Examples |
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| Examples (rhetoric) |
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William Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet (c. 1591–1595) |
- (rhetoric) A figure of speech in which two words or phrases with opposing meanings are used together intentionally for effect.
- 1996, John Sinclair, “Culture and Trade: Some Theoretical and Practical Considerations”, in Emile G. McAnany, Kenton T. Wilkinson, editors, Mass Media and Free Trade: NAFTA and the Cultural Industries, University of Texas Press:
- For Theodor Adorno and his colleagues at the Frankfurt School who coined the term, "culture industry" was an oxymoron, intended to set up a critical contrast between the exploitative, repetitive mode of industrial mass production under capitalism and the associations of transformative power and aesthetico-moral transcendence that the concept of culture carried in the 1940s, when it still meant "high" culture.
- (loosely, sometimes proscribed) A contradiction in terms.
- 2015 April 28, Michael Pollan, “Why ‘Natural’ Doesn’t Mean Anything Anymore”, in The New York Times Magazine[1]:
- During the past few years, some 200 class-action suits have been filed against food manufacturers, charging them with misuse of the adjective in marketing such edible oxymorons as “natural” Cheetos Puffs, “all-natural” Sun Chips, “all-natural” Naked Juice, “100 percent all-natural” Tyson chicken nuggets and so forth.
Usage notes
[edit]- Historically, an oxymoron was "a paradox with a point",[6] or "pointedly foolish: a witty saying, the more pointed from being paradoxical or seemingly absurd" at first glance.[4] Its deliberate purpose was to underscore a point or to draw attention to a concealed point. The common vernacular use of oxymoron as simply a contradiction in terms is considered incorrect by some speakers and writers, and is perhaps best avoided in certain contexts.
Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]figure of speech
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contradiction in terms — see contradiction in terms
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ “oxymōrus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ^ “ὀξύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ^ “μωρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 “ὀξύμωρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ^ OED
- ^ Jebb, Sir Richard (1900). Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, with critical notes, commentary, and translation in English prose. Part III: The Antigone. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Further reading
[edit]
Oxymoron on Wikipedia.Wikipedia - “oxymoron”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- Lee’s Complete Oxymoron List, with discussion of classification (archive)
French
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file) Audio (Switzerland): (file)
Noun
[edit]oxymoron m (plural oxymorons)
Usage notes
[edit]In French, oxymore and oxymoron denote the same thing. However, each form has its own derived terms (oxymorique and oxymoriquement for oxymore, and oxymoronique and oxymoroniquement for oxymoron). When using one form, be sure to not mix it with the derivatives of the other.
Alternative forms
[edit]Categories:
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eḱ-
- English 4-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Rhetoric
- English terms with quotations
- English proscribed terms
- en:Paradoxes
- English autological terms
- en:Figures of speech
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns