oltalmaz
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Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the oltalm- stem of oltalom (“protection”) + -az (“verb-forming suffix”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]oltalmaz
- (transitive, literary) to protect, defend, shield
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of oltalmaz
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | oltalmazok | oltalmazol | oltalmaz | oltalmazunk | oltalmaztok | oltalmaznak | |
Def. | oltalmazom | oltalmazod | oltalmazza | oltalmazzuk | oltalmazzátok | oltalmazzák | |||
2nd-p. o. | oltalmazlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | oltalmaztam | oltalmaztál | oltalmazott | oltalmaztunk | oltalmaztatok | oltalmaztak | ||
Def. | oltalmaztam | oltalmaztad | oltalmazta | oltalmaztuk | oltalmaztátok | oltalmazták | |||
2nd-p. o. | oltalmaztalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. oltalmazni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | oltalmazék | oltalmazál | oltalmaza | oltalmazánk | oltalmazátok | oltalmazának | ||
Def. | oltalmazám | oltalmazád | oltalmazá | oltalmazánk | oltalmazátok | oltalmazák | |||
2nd-p. o. | oltalmazálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. oltalmaz vala, oltalmazott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | oltalmazandok | oltalmazandasz | oltalmazand | oltalmazandunk | oltalmazandotok | oltalmazandanak | ||
Def. | oltalmazandom | oltalmazandod | oltalmazandja | oltalmazandjuk | oltalmazandjátok | oltalmazandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | oltalmazandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | oltalmaznék | oltalmaznál | oltalmazna | oltalmaznánk | oltalmaznátok | oltalmaznának | |
Def. | oltalmaznám | oltalmaznád | oltalmazná | oltalmaznánk (or oltalmaznók) |
oltalmaznátok | oltalmaznák | |||
2nd-p. o. | oltalmaználak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. oltalmazott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | oltalmazzak | oltalmazz or oltalmazzál |
oltalmazzon | oltalmazzunk | oltalmazzatok | oltalmazzanak | |
Def. | oltalmazzam | oltalmazd or oltalmazzad |
oltalmazza | oltalmazzuk | oltalmazzátok | oltalmazzák | |||
2nd-p. o. | oltalmazzalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. oltalmazott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | oltalmazni | oltalmaznom | oltalmaznod | oltalmaznia | oltalmaznunk | oltalmaznotok | oltalmazniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
oltalmazás | oltalmazó | oltalmazott | oltalmazandó | oltalmazva (oltalmazván) | oltalmaztat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of oltalmaz
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | oltalmazhatok | oltalmazhatsz | oltalmazhat | oltalmazhatunk | oltalmazhattok | oltalmazhatnak | |
Def. | oltalmazhatom | oltalmazhatod | oltalmazhatja | oltalmazhatjuk | oltalmazhatjátok | oltalmazhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | oltalmazhatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | oltalmazhattam | oltalmazhattál | oltalmazhatott | oltalmazhattunk | oltalmazhattatok | oltalmazhattak | ||
Def. | oltalmazhattam | oltalmazhattad | oltalmazhatta | oltalmazhattuk | oltalmazhattátok | oltalmazhatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | oltalmazhattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | oltalmazhaték | oltalmazhatál | oltalmazhata | oltalmazhatánk | oltalmazhatátok | oltalmazhatának | ||
Def. | oltalmazhatám | oltalmazhatád | oltalmazhatá | oltalmazhatánk | oltalmazhatátok | oltalmazhaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | oltalmazhatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. oltalmazhat vala, oltalmazhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | oltalmazhatandok or oltalmazandhatok |
oltalmazhatandasz or oltalmazandhatsz |
oltalmazhatand or oltalmazandhat |
oltalmazhatandunk or oltalmazandhatunk |
oltalmazhatandotok or oltalmazandhattok |
oltalmazhatandanak or oltalmazandhatnak | ||
Def. | oltalmazhatandom or oltalmazandhatom |
oltalmazhatandod or oltalmazandhatod |
oltalmazhatandja or oltalmazandhatja |
oltalmazhatandjuk or oltalmazandhatjuk |
oltalmazhatandjátok or oltalmazandhatjátok |
oltalmazhatandják or oltalmazandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | oltalmazhatandalak or oltalmazandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | oltalmazhatnék | oltalmazhatnál | oltalmazhatna | oltalmazhatnánk | oltalmazhatnátok | oltalmazhatnának | |
Def. | oltalmazhatnám | oltalmazhatnád | oltalmazhatná | oltalmazhatnánk (or oltalmazhatnók) |
oltalmazhatnátok | oltalmazhatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | oltalmazhatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. oltalmazhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | oltalmazhassak | oltalmazhass or oltalmazhassál |
oltalmazhasson | oltalmazhassunk | oltalmazhassatok | oltalmazhassanak | |
Def. | oltalmazhassam | oltalmazhasd or oltalmazhassad |
oltalmazhassa | oltalmazhassuk | oltalmazhassátok | oltalmazhassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | oltalmazhassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. oltalmazhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (oltalmazhatni) | (oltalmazhatnom) | (oltalmazhatnod) | (oltalmazhatnia) | (oltalmazhatnunk) | (oltalmazhatnotok) | (oltalmazhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | oltalmazható | Neg. adj. | oltalmazhatatlan | Adv. part. | (oltalmazhatva / oltalmazhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
References
[edit]- ^ Eőry, Vilma. Értelmező szótár+ (“Explanatory Dictionary Plus”). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2007. →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- oltalmaz in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN