nervio

Galician

Alternative forms

• nervo

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese nervio, nervo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin nervus (“nerve; tendon”). Cognate with Portuguese nervo, Spanish nervio.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈneɾβjo̝/

Noun

nervio m (plural nervios)

1. (anatomy) nerve
2. (botany) vein, nerve
3. (anatomy) tendon

   Synonym: tendón

   • 1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 398:

     Et el tragía en sua mão hũ arco, en que nõ auj́a madeyra, mays era todo feyto de coyros cruus et de neruos engrudidos per grãde arte et per grã maestría

     He was carrying a bow in his hand, not made of wood, but completely made with crude hides and glued tendons, with great art and great mastery

   • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 101:

     primeiramente pararas o Cauallo en lugar caente et caenta enno fogo pedras, et lançaas so o uentre do Cauallo, et Cubri o Cauallo de hũa cuberta de llãa, et llança sobre aquellas pedras agooa caente tanto que as faças fumegar en gisa que se uolua o Cauallo en suuor todo. Et depois çinllalle aquella cuberta, et este asesegado naqel lugar ataa que se cunsuma toda a suur del, et depois desto esfregalle os nerueos et as coixas ameude con azeite ou con manteiga, depois faze çenrrada de çinza das pallas do trigo et das allas pallas et das maluas, todo qeimado desuũo, et desta çernada caente qual a poder sofrer feiranlle as coixas et os neruos e non no mouer daquel lugar caente, et vusenlle destas cousas ataa que torne a seu estado.

     first, you shall take the horse to a hot place, and heat on the fire some stones, and put them under the horse's belly, and cover the horse with a wool coverture, and pour over that stones hot water so that they steam in order that the horse covers in sweat. Then girth that coverture to the horse, and let he be in calm at that place till his sweat dries; and after this rub his tendons and thighs often with oil or butter, and after this make a lye with ashes of wheat straws and other straws and mallows, everything burnt together, and with this lye, as hot as he can take it, wash the tendons and thighs, and don't move him of that hot place, and use these things till he gets back to normal

4. (figurative) strength; steadiness
5. (in the plural) nerves, agitation

Related terms

• enervar
• nervioso

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “nervio”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “neru”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “nervio”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “nervio”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “nervio”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish nerbio, niervo (“tendon, sinew”), inherited from Latin nervus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈneɾbjo/ [ˈneɾ.β̞jo]
• Rhymes: -eɾbjo
• Syllabification: ner‧vio

Noun

nervio m (plural nervios)

1. nerve

Derived terms

• ataque de nervios
• crispar los nervios
• estar de los nervios
• estar hecho un manojo de nervios
• guerra de nervios
• manojo de nervios
• nervio ciático m (“sciatic nerve”)
• nervio craneal
• nervio de buey
• nervio facial
• nervio óptico
• nervio trigémino
• nervio vago
• nervioso
• nervudo

 

Related terms

• enervar
• nervioso

 

Further reading

• “nervio”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10