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loth

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Loth and lóð

English

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Etymology 1

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See loath.

Adjective

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loth (comparative lother, superlative lothest)

  1. (British) Alternative form of loath
    I was loth to return to the office without the Henderson file.
Usage notes
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  • The spelling loath is about four times as common as loth in Britain, and about fifty times as common in the United States. Loth had more currency in the US in the 19th century, appearing in Webster’s 1828 dictionary, but not the 1913 edition.
  • The word should not be confused with the related verb loathe.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From German Loth (obsolete), Lot, later also from Dutch lood, both specific usages of the word for ‘lead’. Doublet of lead.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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loth (plural loths)

  1. (now historical) A measure of weight formerly used in Germany, the Netherlands and some other parts of Europe, equivalent to half of the local ounce. [from 17th c.]
    • 1999, Paracelsus, “Opus Paramirum”, in Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke, transl., Essential Readings, North Atlantic Books, page 100:
      It is not a matter of body but of virtues, which is why the fifth essence was invented, of which one loth is superior to the twenty pounds of the body from which it was extracted.

References

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Anagrams

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Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old English lāþ (hateful).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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loth (comparative lother)

  1. loath (averse, disinclined)
  2. loath (reluctant, unwilling)
    • 1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “Capitulum Quintum”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book IV, [London: [] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC, leaf 62, verso; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur [], London: David Nutt, [], 1889, →OCLC, page 124, lines 10–13:
      I durſt ſaye that of his age ther is not in this land a better knyghte than he is nor of better condycions and lothe to doo ony wronge / and loth to take ony wronge
      I daresay that there is not a knight of his age in this land better than he is, nor of better qualities and loth to do any wrong and loth to receive any wrong.
  3. hateful, evil, abhorred
    • c. 1368, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Book of the Duchess, as recorded c. 1440–1450 in Bodleian Library MS. Fairfax 16, folio 130r:
      I have so many an ydel thoght / Purely for defaulte of slepe / That by my trouthe I take no kepe / Of noo thinge how hyt cometh or gooth / Ne me nys no thynge leve nor looth
      I have so many idle thoughts / Purely from lack of sleep / That I swear I take no heed / Of anything, whether it comes or goes, / And nothing is either dear to me or hated.
  4. reluctant

Descendants

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  • English: loath, loth
  • Yola: lotherwite

References

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Old Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *lutā.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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loth f (genitive loithe, nominative plural latha)

  1. mud
  2. swamp, marsh

Inflection

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Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative lothL loithL lothaH
Vocative lothL loithL lothaH
Accusative loithN loithL lothaH
Genitive loitheH lothL lothN
Dative loithL lothaib lothaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Mutation

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Mutation of loth
radical lenition nasalization
loth
also lloth after a proclitic
ending in a vowel
loth
pronounced with /l(ʲ)-/
unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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Scottish Gaelic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *luto-, *lutno-, from Proto-Indo-European *polH- (animal young), ultimately from *peh₂w- (smallness), see also Ancient Greek πῶλος (pôlos), English foal, Albanian pelë (mare), Old Armenian ուլ (ul, kid, fawn)).

Noun

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loth f (genitive singular lotha, plural lothan)

  1. foal
  2. filly

References

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