lingid

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *lengeti, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)préngʰ-e-ti (“to spring”). The *l must be due to contamination with some other root, perhaps Proto-Indo-European *h₁lengʷʰ- (“light; to move effortlessly”). It cannot be derived from *h₁lengʷʰ- outright because of the preterite eblaing (“jumped”), from Proto-Celtic *ɸeɸlonge, which unambiguously points to a Proto-Indo-European root with *p.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈl͈ʲiŋʲɡʲiðʲ]

Verb

lingid (verbal noun léimm)

1. to leap, to jump

Inflection

Simple, class B I present, reduplicated preterite, a future, s subjunctive

		1st sg	2nd sg	3rd sg	1st pl	2nd pl	3rd pl	passive sg	passive pl
present indicative	abs.			lingid			lengait	leangair
	conj.	·rolngaim (ro-form?)		·ling
	rel.			lingis			lengtae
imperfect indicative				·linged
preterite	abs.			leblaing
	conj.			·leblaing
	rel.
perfect	deut.			ro·leblaing
	prot.
future	abs.						liblait
	conj.
	rel.
conditional								lilesthae
present subjunctive	abs.		lis
	conj.
	rel.			lias
past subjunctive				co·ribuilsed			·lestais
imperative			ling
verbal noun		léim; linged
past participle
verbal of necessity		lingthe

Descendants

• Middle Irish: lingid
  • Irish: ling
• ⇒ Middle Irish: léimmid (denominal from the verbal noun)
  • Irish: léim
  • Scottish Gaelic: leum

Mutation

Mutation of lingid

radical	lenition	nasalization
lingid also llingid after a proclitic ending in a vowel	lingid pronounced with /l(ʲ)-/	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “lingid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*leng-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 237
• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 689b, pages 426–27; reprinted 2017

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• lingir — dialectal, Rizal, informal

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /liˈŋid/ [lɪˈŋid̪̚]
• Rhymes: -id
• Syllabification: li‧ngid

Adjective

lingíd (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜅᜒᜇ᜔)

1. unknown; concealed; hidden; secret

   Synonyms: lihim, kubli, tago, sekreto

Derived terms

• ilingid
• lingid sa kaalaman
• malingid

Further reading

• “lingid”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018