likums
See also: līkums
Latvian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From likt (“to put, to place”) + -ums. The original meaning was probably “that which is placed, put,” later on (in the 17th century) “task, order, command.” The current legal meaning arose only in the early 19th century. Compare German Gesetz (“law”), from setzen (“to put, to place”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]likums m (1st declension)
- law (mandatory rule approved and applied by the government)
- pieņemt likumu ― to adopt a law
- likumprojekts, likuma projekts ― bill, draft of law
- meža aizsardzības likumi ― forest protection laws
- pēc likuma, saskaņa ar likumu ― according to the law
- rīkoties likuma vārdā ― to act on behalf of, in the name of the law
- izdot likumus ― to produce laws, to legislate
- pārkāpt likumu ― to violate the law
- likuma burts ― the letter of the law
- law (traditional or accepted rule or norm)
- pieklājības likumi ― the laws of decency
- viņš tika svētīt pēc visiem tēvutēvu likumiem ― he was blessed by all the laws of (our) father's father(s)
- (in science) law (essential relation between phenomena that describes their future evolution)
- izzināt likumu ― to find the law
- specifisks likums ― specific law
- dabas likums ― law of nature, natural law
- universāls, objektīvs likums ― universal, objective law
- likuma darbības sfēra ― the sphere of action (i.e., the scope) of a law
- komutatīvais likums ― commutative law (in mathematics, x+y = y+x)
- (of a topic of learning) law, rule, principle
- pareizrakstības likumi ― spelling rules
- stundām no vietas skolotājs dīdīja puikām vācu un latīņu gramatikas likumus ― for hours the teacher drilled the boys in the laws, rules of German and Latin grammar
Declension
[edit]Declension of likums (1st declension)
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | likums | likumi |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | likumu | likumus |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | likuma | likumu |
| dative (datīvs) | likumam | likumiem |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | likumu | likumiem |
| locative (lokatīvs) | likumā | likumos |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | likum | likumi |
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “likums”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN