lernen
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See also: Lernen
German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German lernen, from Old High German lernēn, lirnēn, from Proto-West Germanic *liʀnēn. Cognate with Old English leornian (Modern English learn). Related to lehren.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]lernen (weak, third-person singular present lernt, past tense lernte, past participle gelernt, auxiliary haben)
- (intransitive or transitive) to learn
- Ich lerne noch. ― I’m still learning.
- Ich lerne Spanisch. ― I’m learning Spanish.
- 2010, Der Spiegel[1], number 25/2010, page 77:
- Es gilt deshalb, die richtigen Lehren aus der Krise zu ziehen, aus den Fehlern der Vergangenheit zu lernen, um die Zukunft zu sichern.
- Therefore it is necessary to draw the right lessons from the crisis, to learn from the mistakes of the past for securing the future.
- (intransitive) to study (revise or review materials)
- Synonyms: büffeln, pauken, üben, sich vorbereiten
- Ich lerne für meine Prüfung. ― I’m studying for my exam.
- (somewhat informal, transitive) to train to become something
- Synonyms: eine Lehre/Ausbildung machen, ausgebildet werden
- Ich lerne Bäcker. ― I’m training to be a baker.
- (colloquial, nonstandard, transitive) to learn (someone) (i.e. to teach) [with accusative ‘something’ and dative ‘to someone’]
- Synonyms: beibringen, lehren
- Das lern ich dir. ― That'll learn you! (literally, “I'll teach you that.”)
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | lernen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | lernend | ||||
past participle | gelernt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich lerne | wir lernen | i | ich lerne | wir lernen |
du lernst | ihr lernt | du lernest | ihr lernet | ||
er lernt | sie lernen | er lerne | sie lernen | ||
preterite | ich lernte | wir lernten | ii | ich lernte1 | wir lernten1 |
du lerntest | ihr lerntet | du lerntest1 | ihr lerntet1 | ||
er lernte | sie lernten | er lernte1 | sie lernten1 | ||
imperative | lern (du) lerne (du) |
lernt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “lernen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “lernen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “lernen” in Duden online
- “lernen” in OpenThesaurus.de
- Friedrich Kluge (1883) “lernen”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
Old High German
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *liʀnēn, akin to Old Dutch lernon, Old Frisian lernia, Old English leornian.
Verb
[edit]lernēn
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of lernēn (weak class 3)
infinitive | lernēn | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | lernēm, lernēn | lernēta |
2nd person singular | lernēs, lernēst | lernētōs, lernētōst |
3rd person singular | lernēt | lernēta |
1st person plural | lernēm, lernēmēs | lernētum, lernētumēs |
2nd person plural | lernēt | lernētut |
3rd person plural | lernēnt | lernētun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | lerne | lernēti |
2nd person singular | lernēs, lernēst | lernētīs, lernētīst |
3rd person singular | lerne | lernēti |
1st person plural | lernēm, lernēmēs | lernētīm, lernētīmēs |
2nd person plural | lernēt | lernētīt |
3rd person plural | lernēn | lernētīn |
imperative | present | |
singular | lerne | |
plural | lernēt | |
participle | present | past |
lernēnti | gilernēt |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Categories:
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German 3-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German intransitive verbs
- German transitive verbs
- German terms with usage examples
- German terms with quotations
- German informal terms
- German colloquialisms
- German nonstandard terms
- de:Education
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German lemmas
- Old High German verbs
- Old High German class 3 weak verbs