kirkastaa
Appearance
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kirkastaa (transitive)
- to brighten
- (Chemistry) to purify (particularly of spirits)
- (Christianity) to purify (particularly of spirits)
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of kirkastaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kirkastan | en kirkasta | 1st sing. | olen kirkastanut | en ole kirkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kirkastat | et kirkasta | 2nd sing. | olet kirkastanut | et ole kirkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kirkastaa | ei kirkasta | 3rd sing. | on kirkastanut | ei ole kirkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kirkastamme | emme kirkasta | 1st plur. | olemme kirkastaneet | emme ole kirkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kirkastatte | ette kirkasta | 2nd plur. | olette kirkastaneet | ette ole kirkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kirkastavat | eivät kirkasta | 3rd plur. | ovat kirkastaneet | eivät ole kirkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kirkastetaan | ei kirkasteta | passive | on kirkastettu | ei ole kirkastettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kirkastin | en kirkastanut | 1st sing. | olin kirkastanut | en ollut kirkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kirkastit | et kirkastanut | 2nd sing. | olit kirkastanut | et ollut kirkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kirkasti | ei kirkastanut | 3rd sing. | oli kirkastanut | ei ollut kirkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kirkastimme | emme kirkastaneet | 1st plur. | olimme kirkastaneet | emme olleet kirkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kirkastitte | ette kirkastaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kirkastaneet | ette olleet kirkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kirkastivat | eivät kirkastaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kirkastaneet | eivät olleet kirkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kirkastettiin | ei kirkastettu | passive | oli kirkastettu | ei ollut kirkastettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kirkastaisin | en kirkastaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kirkastanut | en olisi kirkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kirkastaisit | et kirkastaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kirkastanut | et olisi kirkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kirkastaisi | ei kirkastaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kirkastanut | ei olisi kirkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kirkastaisimme | emme kirkastaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kirkastaneet | emme olisi kirkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kirkastaisitte | ette kirkastaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kirkastaneet | ette olisi kirkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kirkastaisivat | eivät kirkastaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kirkastaneet | eivät olisi kirkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kirkastettaisiin | ei kirkastettaisi | passive | olisi kirkastettu | ei olisi kirkastettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kirkasta | älä kirkasta | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kirkastakoon | älköön kirkastako | 3rd sing. | olkoon kirkastanut | älköön olko kirkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kirkastakaamme | älkäämme kirkastako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kirkastakaa | älkää kirkastako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kirkastakoot | älkööt kirkastako | 3rd plur. | olkoot kirkastaneet | älkööt olko kirkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kirkastettakoon | älköön kirkastettako | passive | olkoon kirkastettu | älköön olko kirkastettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kirkastanen | en kirkastane | 1st sing. | lienen kirkastanut | en liene kirkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kirkastanet | et kirkastane | 2nd sing. | lienet kirkastanut | et liene kirkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kirkastanee | ei kirkastane | 3rd sing. | lienee kirkastanut | ei liene kirkastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kirkastanemme | emme kirkastane | 1st plur. | lienemme kirkastaneet | emme liene kirkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kirkastanette | ette kirkastane | 2nd plur. | lienette kirkastaneet | ette liene kirkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kirkastanevat | eivät kirkastane | 3rd plur. | lienevät kirkastaneet | eivät liene kirkastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kirkastettaneen | ei kirkastettane | passive | lienee kirkastettu | ei liene kirkastettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | kirkastaa | present | kirkastava | kirkastettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | kirkastanut | kirkastettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | kirkastaessa | kirkastettaessa | agent4 | kirkastama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kirkastamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kirkastaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | kirkastamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | kirkastamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | kirkastamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | kirkastamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | kirkastamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kirkastaman | kirkastettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | kirkastaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “kirkastaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams
[edit]Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From kirkas (“to brighten”) + -taa. Akin to Finnish kirkastaa.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkirkɑstɑː/, [ˈkirkəs̠tɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkirkɑstɑː/, [ˈkirɡ̊ɑʃtɑː]
- Rhymes: -irkɑstɑː
- Hyphenation: kir‧kas‧taa
Verb
[edit]kirkastaa
- (transitive) to brighten
- 1915, Jaakko Länkelä, “248. Soikkola, V5a”, in Väinö Salminen, editor, Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot. Länsi-Inkerin runot[2], volume III1, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, lines 131-132:
- Pyssyn rauta kirkastaa, // Pyssyn krassi kaunistaa!
- The barrel brightens the gun, // The colour beautifies the gun!
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of kirkastaa (type 2/kirjuttaa, st-ss gradation) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | kirkassan | en kirkassa | 1st singular | oon kirkastant, oon kirkastanut | en oo kirkastant, en oo kirkastanut |
2nd singular | kirkassat | et kirkassa | 2nd singular | oot kirkastant, oot kirkastanut | et oo kirkastant, et oo kirkastanut |
3rd singular | kirkastaa | ei kirkassa | 3rd singular | ono kirkastant, ono kirkastanut | ei oo kirkastant, ei oo kirkastanut |
1st plural | kirkassamma | emmä kirkassa | 1st plural | oomma kirkastanneet | emmä oo kirkastanneet |
2nd plural | kirkassatta | että kirkassa | 2nd plural | ootta kirkastanneet | että oo kirkastanneet |
3rd plural | kirkastaat1), kirkastavat2), kirkassettaa | evät kirkassa, ei kirkasseta | 3rd plural | ovat kirkastanneet | evät oo kirkastanneet, ei oo kirkassettu |
impersonal | kirkassettaa | ei kirkasseta | impersonal | ono kirkassettu | ei oo kirkassettu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | kirkassin | en kirkastant, en kirkastanut | 1st singular | olin kirkastant, olin kirkastanut | en olt kirkastant, en olt kirkastanut |
2nd singular | kirkassit | et kirkastant, et kirkastanut | 2nd singular | olit kirkastant, olit kirkastanut | et olt kirkastant, et olt kirkastanut |
3rd singular | kirkasti | ei kirkastant, ei kirkastanut | 3rd singular | oli kirkastant, oli kirkastanut | ei olt kirkastant, ei olt kirkastanut |
1st plural | kirkassimma | emmä kirkastanneet | 1st plural | olimma kirkastanneet | emmä olleet kirkastanneet |
2nd plural | kirkassitta | että kirkastanneet | 2nd plural | olitta kirkastanneet | että olleet kirkastanneet |
3rd plural | kirkastiit1), kirkastivat2), kirkassettii | evät kirkastanneet, ei kirkassettu | 3rd plural | olivat kirkastanneet | evät olleet kirkastanneet, ei olt kirkassettu |
impersonal | kirkassettii | ei kirkassettu | impersonal | oli kirkassettu | ei olt kirkassettu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | kirkastaisin | en kirkastais | 1st singular | olisin kirkastant, olisin kirkastanut | en olis kirkastant, en olis kirkastanut |
2nd singular | kirkastaisit, kirkastaist1) | et kirkastais | 2nd singular | olisit kirkastant, olisit kirkastanut | et olis kirkastant, et olis kirkastanut |
3rd singular | kirkastais | ei kirkastais | 3rd singular | olis kirkastant, olis kirkastanut | ei olis kirkastant, ei olis kirkastanut |
1st plural | kirkastaisimma | emmä kirkastais | 1st plural | olisimma kirkastanneet | emmä olis kirkastanneet |
2nd plural | kirkastaisitta | että kirkastais | 2nd plural | olisitta kirkastanneet | että olis kirkastanneet |
3rd plural | kirkastaisiit1), kirkastaisivat2), kirkassettais | evät kirkastais, ei kirkassettais | 3rd plural | olisivat kirkastanneet | evät olis kirkastanneet, ei olis kirkassettu |
impersonal | kirkassettais | ei kirkassettais | impersonal | olis kirkassettu | ei olis kirkassettu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | kirkassa | elä kirkassa | 2nd singular | oo kirkastant, oo kirkastanut | elä oo kirkastant, elä oo kirkastanut |
3rd singular | kirkastakkoo | elköö kirkastako | 3rd singular | olkoo kirkastant, olkoo kirkastanut | elköö olko kirkastant, elköö olko kirkastanut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | kirkastakkaa | elkää kirkastako | 2nd plural | olkaa kirkastanneet | elkää olko kirkastanneet |
3rd plural | kirkastakkoot | elkööt kirkastako, elköö kirkassettako | 3rd plural | olkoot kirkastanneet | elkööt olko kirkastanneet, elköö olko kirkassettu |
impersonal | kirkassettakoo | elköö kirkassettako | impersonal | olkoo kirkassettu | elköö olko kirkassettu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | kirkastanen | en kirkastane | |||
2nd singular | kirkastanet | et kirkastane | |||
3rd singular | kirkastannoo | ei kirkastane | |||
1st plural | kirkastanemma | emmä kirkastane | |||
2nd plural | kirkastanetta | että kirkastane | |||
3rd plural | kirkastannoot | evät kirkastane, ei kirkassettane | |||
impersonal | kirkassettanoo | ei kirkassettane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | kirkastaa | present | kirkastava | kirkassettava | |
2nd | inessive | kirkastaes | past | kirkastant, kirkastanut | kirkassettu |
instructive | kirkastaen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (kirkastakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | kirkastammaa | |||
inessive | kirkastamas | ||||
elative | kirkastamast | ||||
abessive | kirkastamata | ||||
4th | nominative | kirkastamiin | |||
partitive | kirkastamista, kirkastamist |
Derived terms
[edit]Categories:
- Finnish terms suffixed with -taa
- Finnish 3-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/irkɑstɑː
- Rhymes:Finnish/irkɑstɑː/3 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish verbs
- Finnish transitive verbs
- fi:Christianity
- Finnish muistaa-type verbs
- Ingrian terms suffixed with -taa
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/irkɑstɑː
- Rhymes:Ingrian/irkɑstɑː/3 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian verbs
- Ingrian transitive verbs
- Ingrian terms with quotations