kihartua

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Finnish

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Etymology

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From kihartaa +‎ -ua.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkihɑrtuɑˣ/, [ˈk̟iɦɑ̝rˌt̪uɑ̝(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -uɑ
  • Hyphenation(key): ki‧har‧tua

Verb

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kihartua

  1. (intransitive) to curl (to assume the shape of a curl)
    Kun karva kasvaa pidemmäksi, se alkaa kihartua.
    When the hair grows longer, it will start to curl.

Conjugation

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Inflection of kihartua (Kotus type 52*K/sanoa, rt-rr gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kiharrun en kiharru 1st sing. olen kihartunut en ole kihartunut
2nd sing. kiharrut et kiharru 2nd sing. olet kihartunut et ole kihartunut
3rd sing. kihartuu ei kiharru 3rd sing. on kihartunut ei ole kihartunut
1st plur. kiharrumme emme kiharru 1st plur. olemme kihartuneet emme ole kihartuneet
2nd plur. kiharrutte ette kiharru 2nd plur. olette kihartuneet ette ole kihartuneet
3rd plur. kihartuvat eivät kiharru 3rd plur. ovat kihartuneet eivät ole kihartuneet
passive kiharrutaan ei kiharruta passive on kiharruttu ei ole kiharruttu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kiharruin en kihartunut 1st sing. olin kihartunut en ollut kihartunut
2nd sing. kiharruit et kihartunut 2nd sing. olit kihartunut et ollut kihartunut
3rd sing. kihartui ei kihartunut 3rd sing. oli kihartunut ei ollut kihartunut
1st plur. kiharruimme emme kihartuneet 1st plur. olimme kihartuneet emme olleet kihartuneet
2nd plur. kiharruitte ette kihartuneet 2nd plur. olitte kihartuneet ette olleet kihartuneet
3rd plur. kihartuivat eivät kihartuneet 3rd plur. olivat kihartuneet eivät olleet kihartuneet
passive kiharruttiin ei kiharruttu passive oli kiharruttu ei ollut kiharruttu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kihartuisin en kihartuisi 1st sing. olisin kihartunut en olisi kihartunut
2nd sing. kihartuisit et kihartuisi 2nd sing. olisit kihartunut et olisi kihartunut
3rd sing. kihartuisi ei kihartuisi 3rd sing. olisi kihartunut ei olisi kihartunut
1st plur. kihartuisimme emme kihartuisi 1st plur. olisimme kihartuneet emme olisi kihartuneet
2nd plur. kihartuisitte ette kihartuisi 2nd plur. olisitte kihartuneet ette olisi kihartuneet
3rd plur. kihartuisivat eivät kihartuisi 3rd plur. olisivat kihartuneet eivät olisi kihartuneet
passive kiharruttaisiin ei kiharruttaisi passive olisi kiharruttu ei olisi kiharruttu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. 1st sing.
2nd sing. kiharru älä kiharru 2nd sing.
3rd sing. kihartukoon älköön kihartuko 3rd sing. olkoon kihartunut älköön olko kihartunut
1st plur. kihartukaamme älkäämme kihartuko 1st plur.
2nd plur. kihartukaa älkää kihartuko 2nd plur.
3rd plur. kihartukoot älkööt kihartuko 3rd plur. olkoot kihartuneet älkööt olko kihartuneet
passive kiharruttakoon älköön kiharruttako passive olkoon kiharruttu älköön olko kiharruttu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kihartunen en kihartune 1st sing. lienen kihartunut en liene kihartunut
2nd sing. kihartunet et kihartune 2nd sing. lienet kihartunut et liene kihartunut
3rd sing. kihartunee ei kihartune 3rd sing. lienee kihartunut ei liene kihartunut
1st plur. kihartunemme emme kihartune 1st plur. lienemme kihartuneet emme liene kihartuneet
2nd plur. kihartunette ette kihartune 2nd plur. lienette kihartuneet ette liene kihartuneet
3rd plur. kihartunevat eivät kihartune 3rd plur. lienevät kihartuneet eivät liene kihartuneet
passive kiharruttaneen ei kiharruttane passive lienee kiharruttu ei liene kiharruttu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st kihartua present kihartuva kiharruttava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st kihartuakseni kihartuaksemme
2nd kihartuaksesi kihartuaksenne
3rd kihartuakseen
kihartuaksensa
past kihartunut kiharruttu
2nd inessive2 kihartuessa kiharruttaessa agent4 kihartuma
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st kihartuessani kihartuessamme
2nd kihartuessasi kihartuessanne
3rd kihartuessaan
kihartuessansa
negative kihartumaton
instructive kihartuen
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd inessive kihartumassa
elative kihartumasta
illative kihartumaan
adessive kihartumalla
abessive kihartumatta
instructive kihartuman kiharruttaman
4th3 verbal noun kihartuminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st kihartumaisillani kihartumaisillamme
2nd kihartumaisillasi kihartumaisillanne
3rd kihartumaisillaan
kihartumaisillansa

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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