kihartaa

Finnish

Etymology 1

kihara (“curl, curly”) +‎ -taa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkihɑrtɑːˣ/, [ˈk̟iɦɑ̝rt̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ihɑrtɑː
• Hyphenation^(key): ki‧har‧taa

Verb

kihartaa

1. (transitive) to curl, make curls to (to make into a curl)

   Minulla oli myös tapana kihartaa etutukkaani.

   I also used it to make curls to the front portion of my hair.

2. (intransitive) to curl (to assume the shape of a curl)

   Kun karva kasvaa pidemmäksi, se alkaa kihartaa.

   When the hair grows longer, it will start to curl.

Conjugation

Inflection of kihartaa (Kotus type 54*K/huutaa, rt-rr gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kiharran	en kiharra	1st sing.	olen kihartanut	en ole kihartanut
2nd sing.		kiharrat	et kiharra	2nd sing.	olet kihartanut	et ole kihartanut
3rd sing.		kihartaa	ei kiharra	3rd sing.	on kihartanut	ei ole kihartanut
1st plur.		kiharramme	emme kiharra	1st plur.	olemme kihartaneet	emme ole kihartaneet
2nd plur.		kiharratte	ette kiharra	2nd plur.	olette kihartaneet	ette ole kihartaneet
3rd plur.		kihartavat	eivät kiharra	3rd plur.	ovat kihartaneet	eivät ole kihartaneet
passive		kiharretaan	ei kiharreta	passive	on kiharrettu	ei ole kiharrettu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kiharsin	en kihartanut	1st sing.	olin kihartanut	en ollut kihartanut
2nd sing.		kiharsit	et kihartanut	2nd sing.	olit kihartanut	et ollut kihartanut
3rd sing.		kiharsi	ei kihartanut	3rd sing.	oli kihartanut	ei ollut kihartanut
1st plur.		kiharsimme	emme kihartaneet	1st plur.	olimme kihartaneet	emme olleet kihartaneet
2nd plur.		kiharsitte	ette kihartaneet	2nd plur.	olitte kihartaneet	ette olleet kihartaneet
3rd plur.		kiharsivat	eivät kihartaneet	3rd plur.	olivat kihartaneet	eivät olleet kihartaneet
passive		kiharrettiin	ei kiharrettu	passive	oli kiharrettu	ei ollut kiharrettu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kihartaisin	en kihartaisi	1st sing.	olisin kihartanut	en olisi kihartanut
2nd sing.		kihartaisit	et kihartaisi	2nd sing.	olisit kihartanut	et olisi kihartanut
3rd sing.		kihartaisi	ei kihartaisi	3rd sing.	olisi kihartanut	ei olisi kihartanut
1st plur.		kihartaisimme	emme kihartaisi	1st plur.	olisimme kihartaneet	emme olisi kihartaneet
2nd plur.		kihartaisitte	ette kihartaisi	2nd plur.	olisitte kihartaneet	ette olisi kihartaneet
3rd plur.		kihartaisivat	eivät kihartaisi	3rd plur.	olisivat kihartaneet	eivät olisi kihartaneet
passive		kiharrettaisiin	ei kiharrettaisi	passive	olisi kiharrettu	ei olisi kiharrettu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		kiharra	älä kiharra	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		kihartakoon	älköön kihartako	3rd sing.	olkoon kihartanut	älköön olko kihartanut
1st plur.		kihartakaamme	älkäämme kihartako	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		kihartakaa	älkää kihartako	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		kihartakoot	älkööt kihartako	3rd plur.	olkoot kihartaneet	älkööt olko kihartaneet
passive		kiharrettakoon	älköön kiharrettako	passive	olkoon kiharrettu	älköön olko kiharrettu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kihartanen	en kihartane	1st sing.	lienen kihartanut	en liene kihartanut
2nd sing.		kihartanet	et kihartane	2nd sing.	lienet kihartanut	et liene kihartanut
3rd sing.		kihartanee	ei kihartane	3rd sing.	lienee kihartanut	ei liene kihartanut
1st plur.		kihartanemme	emme kihartane	1st plur.	lienemme kihartaneet	emme liene kihartaneet
2nd plur.		kihartanette	ette kihartane	2nd plur.	lienette kihartaneet	ette liene kihartaneet
3rd plur.		kihartanevat	eivät kihartane	3rd plur.	lienevät kihartaneet	eivät liene kihartaneet
passive		kiharrettaneen	ei kiharrettane	passive	lienee kiharrettu	ei liene kiharrettu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		kihartaa		present	kihartava	kiharrettava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kihartaakseni kihartaaksemme 2nd kihartaaksesi kihartaaksenne 3rd kihartaakseen kihartaaksensa		past	kihartanut	kiharrettu
2nd	inessive2	kihartaessa	kiharrettaessa	agent4	kihartama
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kihartaessani kihartaessamme 2nd kihartaessasi kihartaessanne 3rd kihartaessaan kihartaessansa		negative	kihartamaton
	instructive	kihartaen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. * The third-person singular indicative form kihartaa does not exhibit final gemination, unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.
3rd	inessive	kihartamassa	—
	elative	kihartamasta	—
	illative	kihartamaan	—
	adessive	kihartamalla	—
	abessive	kihartamatta	—
	instructive	kihartaman	kiharrettaman
4th3	verbal noun	kihartaminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kihartamaisillani kihartamaisillamme 2nd kihartamaisillasi kihartamaisillanne 3rd kihartamaisillaan kihartamaisillansa

Synonyms

• (intransitive): kihartua

Derived terms

• kiharrin
• kihartaja
• kihartaminen
• kihartua

 

Further reading

• “kihartaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkihɑrtɑː/, [ˈk̟iɦɑ̝rt̪ɑ̝ː]
• Rhymes: -ihɑrtɑː
• Hyphenation^(key): ki‧har‧taa

Verb

kihartaa

1. third-person singular present indicative of kihartaa

Anagrams

• haarikat, haikarat, kirahtaa