kauhistaa
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Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]kauhea + -istaa (factitive aspect)
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kauhistaa
- (transitive, usually atelic) to horrify
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of kauhistaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kauhistan | en kauhista | 1st sing. | olen kauhistanut | en ole kauhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kauhistat | et kauhista | 2nd sing. | olet kauhistanut | et ole kauhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kauhistaa | ei kauhista | 3rd sing. | on kauhistanut | ei ole kauhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kauhistamme | emme kauhista | 1st plur. | olemme kauhistaneet | emme ole kauhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kauhistatte | ette kauhista | 2nd plur. | olette kauhistaneet | ette ole kauhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kauhistavat | eivät kauhista | 3rd plur. | ovat kauhistaneet | eivät ole kauhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kauhistetaan | ei kauhisteta | passive | on kauhistettu | ei ole kauhistettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kauhistin | en kauhistanut | 1st sing. | olin kauhistanut | en ollut kauhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kauhistit | et kauhistanut | 2nd sing. | olit kauhistanut | et ollut kauhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kauhisti | ei kauhistanut | 3rd sing. | oli kauhistanut | ei ollut kauhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kauhistimme | emme kauhistaneet | 1st plur. | olimme kauhistaneet | emme olleet kauhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kauhistitte | ette kauhistaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kauhistaneet | ette olleet kauhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kauhistivat | eivät kauhistaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kauhistaneet | eivät olleet kauhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kauhistettiin | ei kauhistettu | passive | oli kauhistettu | ei ollut kauhistettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kauhistaisin | en kauhistaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kauhistanut | en olisi kauhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kauhistaisit | et kauhistaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kauhistanut | et olisi kauhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kauhistaisi | ei kauhistaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kauhistanut | ei olisi kauhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kauhistaisimme | emme kauhistaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kauhistaneet | emme olisi kauhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kauhistaisitte | ette kauhistaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kauhistaneet | ette olisi kauhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kauhistaisivat | eivät kauhistaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kauhistaneet | eivät olisi kauhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kauhistettaisiin | ei kauhistettaisi | passive | olisi kauhistettu | ei olisi kauhistettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kauhista | älä kauhista | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kauhistakoon | älköön kauhistako | 3rd sing. | olkoon kauhistanut | älköön olko kauhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kauhistakaamme | älkäämme kauhistako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kauhistakaa | älkää kauhistako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kauhistakoot | älkööt kauhistako | 3rd plur. | olkoot kauhistaneet | älkööt olko kauhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kauhistettakoon | älköön kauhistettako | passive | olkoon kauhistettu | älköön olko kauhistettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kauhistanen | en kauhistane | 1st sing. | lienen kauhistanut | en liene kauhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kauhistanet | et kauhistane | 2nd sing. | lienet kauhistanut | et liene kauhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kauhistanee | ei kauhistane | 3rd sing. | lienee kauhistanut | ei liene kauhistanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kauhistanemme | emme kauhistane | 1st plur. | lienemme kauhistaneet | emme liene kauhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kauhistanette | ette kauhistane | 2nd plur. | lienette kauhistaneet | ette liene kauhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kauhistanevat | eivät kauhistane | 3rd plur. | lienevät kauhistaneet | eivät liene kauhistaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kauhistettaneen | ei kauhistettane | passive | lienee kauhistettu | ei liene kauhistettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | kauhistaa | present | kauhistava | kauhistettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | kauhistanut | kauhistettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | kauhistaessa | kauhistettaessa | agent4 | kauhistama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kauhistamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kauhistaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | kauhistamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | kauhistamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | kauhistamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | kauhistamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | kauhistamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kauhistaman | kauhistettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | kauhistaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “kauhistaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02