kaptat
Appearance
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]kap (“to get used to; receive, get, gain”) + -tat (causative suffix)
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]kaptat
- (intransitive, folksy) to go uphill, climb up, ascend (a steep slope)
- (intransitive, literary, rare) to proceed with difficulty against some obstacle
- (transitive, archaic) to drive (some animal) uphill[1]
- (transitive, archaic) to get someone used to something
- Synonyms: kapat, szoktat, rászoktat, hozzászoktat
- (transitive, archaic) to improve someone's situation; help someone recover, strengthen[1]
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of kaptat
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | kaptatok | kaptatsz | kaptat | kaptatunk | kaptattok | kaptatnak | |
Def. | kaptatom | kaptatod | kaptatja | kaptatjuk | kaptatjátok | kaptatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | kaptatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | kaptattam | kaptattál | kaptatott | kaptattunk | kaptattatok | kaptattak | ||
Def. | kaptattam | kaptattad | kaptatta | kaptattuk | kaptattátok | kaptatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | kaptattalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. kaptatni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | kaptaték | kaptatál | kaptata | kaptatánk | kaptatátok | kaptatának | ||
Def. | kaptatám | kaptatád | kaptatá | kaptatánk | kaptatátok | kaptaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | kaptatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. kaptat vala, kaptatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | kaptatandok | kaptatandasz | kaptatand | kaptatandunk | kaptatandotok | kaptatandanak | ||
Def. | kaptatandom | kaptatandod | kaptatandja | kaptatandjuk | kaptatandjátok | kaptatandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | kaptatandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | kaptatnék | kaptatnál | kaptatna | kaptatnánk | kaptatnátok | kaptatnának | |
Def. | kaptatnám | kaptatnád | kaptatná | kaptatnánk (or kaptatnók) |
kaptatnátok | kaptatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | kaptatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kaptatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | kaptassak | kaptass or kaptassál |
kaptasson | kaptassunk | kaptassatok | kaptassanak | |
Def. | kaptassam | kaptasd or kaptassad |
kaptassa | kaptassuk | kaptassátok | kaptassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | kaptassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kaptatott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | kaptatni | kaptatnom | kaptatnod | kaptatnia | kaptatnunk | kaptatnotok | kaptatniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
kaptatás | kaptató | kaptatott | kaptatandó | kaptatva (kaptatván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of kaptat
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | kaptathatok | kaptathatsz | kaptathat | kaptathatunk | kaptathattok | kaptathatnak | |
Def. | kaptathatom | kaptathatod | kaptathatja | kaptathatjuk | kaptathatjátok | kaptathatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | kaptathatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | kaptathattam | kaptathattál | kaptathatott | kaptathattunk | kaptathattatok | kaptathattak | ||
Def. | kaptathattam | kaptathattad | kaptathatta | kaptathattuk | kaptathattátok | kaptathatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | kaptathattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | kaptathaték | kaptathatál | kaptathata | kaptathatánk | kaptathatátok | kaptathatának | ||
Def. | kaptathatám | kaptathatád | kaptathatá | kaptathatánk | kaptathatátok | kaptathaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | kaptathatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. kaptathat vala, kaptathatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | kaptathatandok or kaptatandhatok |
kaptathatandasz or kaptatandhatsz |
kaptathatand or kaptatandhat |
kaptathatandunk or kaptatandhatunk |
kaptathatandotok or kaptatandhattok |
kaptathatandanak or kaptatandhatnak | ||
Def. | kaptathatandom or kaptatandhatom |
kaptathatandod or kaptatandhatod |
kaptathatandja or kaptatandhatja |
kaptathatandjuk or kaptatandhatjuk |
kaptathatandjátok or kaptatandhatjátok |
kaptathatandják or kaptatandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | kaptathatandalak or kaptatandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | kaptathatnék | kaptathatnál | kaptathatna | kaptathatnánk | kaptathatnátok | kaptathatnának | |
Def. | kaptathatnám | kaptathatnád | kaptathatná | kaptathatnánk (or kaptathatnók) |
kaptathatnátok | kaptathatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | kaptathatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kaptathatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | kaptathassak | kaptathass or kaptathassál |
kaptathasson | kaptathassunk | kaptathassatok | kaptathassanak | |
Def. | kaptathassam | kaptathasd or kaptathassad |
kaptathassa | kaptathassuk | kaptathassátok | kaptathassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | kaptathassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kaptathatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (kaptathatni) | (kaptathatnom) | (kaptathatnod) | (kaptathatnia) | (kaptathatnunk) | (kaptathatnotok) | (kaptathatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | kaptatható | Neg. adj. | kaptathatatlan | Adv. part. | (kaptathatva / kaptathatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 kaptat in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
Further reading
[edit]- kaptat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN