kaivella

Finnish

Etymology

kaivaa +‎ -ella

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑi̯ʋelːɑˣ/, [ˈkɑ̝i̯ʋe̞lːɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑiʋelːɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): kai‧vel‧la

Verb

kaivella

1. frequentative of kaivaa (“to dig; pick (one's nose)”)

   Älä kaivele nenääsi!

   Don't pick your nose!

2. (figuratively, transitive, usually atelic, of an issue) to bother

   Asia kaivelee minua.

   The matter bothers me.

Conjugation

Inflection of kaivella (Kotus type 67/tulla, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kaivelen	en kaivele	1st sing.	olen kaivellut	en ole kaivellut
2nd sing.		kaivelet	et kaivele	2nd sing.	olet kaivellut	et ole kaivellut
3rd sing.		kaivelee	ei kaivele	3rd sing.	on kaivellut	ei ole kaivellut
1st plur.		kaivelemme	emme kaivele	1st plur.	olemme kaivelleet	emme ole kaivelleet
2nd plur.		kaivelette	ette kaivele	2nd plur.	olette kaivelleet	ette ole kaivelleet
3rd plur.		kaivelevat	eivät kaivele	3rd plur.	ovat kaivelleet	eivät ole kaivelleet
passive		kaivellaan	ei kaivella	passive	on kaiveltu	ei ole kaiveltu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kaivelin	en kaivellut	1st sing.	olin kaivellut	en ollut kaivellut
2nd sing.		kaivelit	et kaivellut	2nd sing.	olit kaivellut	et ollut kaivellut
3rd sing.		kaiveli	ei kaivellut	3rd sing.	oli kaivellut	ei ollut kaivellut
1st plur.		kaivelimme	emme kaivelleet	1st plur.	olimme kaivelleet	emme olleet kaivelleet
2nd plur.		kaivelitte	ette kaivelleet	2nd plur.	olitte kaivelleet	ette olleet kaivelleet
3rd plur.		kaivelivat	eivät kaivelleet	3rd plur.	olivat kaivelleet	eivät olleet kaivelleet
passive		kaiveltiin	ei kaiveltu	passive	oli kaiveltu	ei ollut kaiveltu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kaivelisin	en kaivelisi	1st sing.	olisin kaivellut	en olisi kaivellut
2nd sing.		kaivelisit	et kaivelisi	2nd sing.	olisit kaivellut	et olisi kaivellut
3rd sing.		kaivelisi	ei kaivelisi	3rd sing.	olisi kaivellut	ei olisi kaivellut
1st plur.		kaivelisimme	emme kaivelisi	1st plur.	olisimme kaivelleet	emme olisi kaivelleet
2nd plur.		kaivelisitte	ette kaivelisi	2nd plur.	olisitte kaivelleet	ette olisi kaivelleet
3rd plur.		kaivelisivat	eivät kaivelisi	3rd plur.	olisivat kaivelleet	eivät olisi kaivelleet
passive		kaiveltaisiin	ei kaiveltaisi	passive	olisi kaiveltu	ei olisi kaiveltu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		kaivele	älä kaivele	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		kaivelkoon	älköön kaivelko	3rd sing.	olkoon kaivellut	älköön olko kaivellut
1st plur.		kaivelkaamme	älkäämme kaivelko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		kaivelkaa	älkää kaivelko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		kaivelkoot	älkööt kaivelko	3rd plur.	olkoot kaivelleet	älkööt olko kaivelleet
passive		kaiveltakoon	älköön kaiveltako	passive	olkoon kaiveltu	älköön olko kaiveltu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		kaivellen	en kaivelle	1st sing.	lienen kaivellut	en liene kaivellut
2nd sing.		kaivellet	et kaivelle	2nd sing.	lienet kaivellut	et liene kaivellut
3rd sing.		kaivellee	ei kaivelle	3rd sing.	lienee kaivellut	ei liene kaivellut
1st plur.		kaivellemme	emme kaivelle	1st plur.	lienemme kaivelleet	emme liene kaivelleet
2nd plur.		kaivellette	ette kaivelle	2nd plur.	lienette kaivelleet	ette liene kaivelleet
3rd plur.		kaivellevat	eivät kaivelle	3rd plur.	lienevät kaivelleet	eivät liene kaivelleet
passive		kaiveltaneen	ei kaiveltane	passive	lienee kaiveltu	ei liene kaiveltu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		kaivella		present	kaiveleva	kaiveltava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kaivellakseni kaivellaksemme 2nd kaivellaksesi kaivellaksenne 3rd kaivellakseen kaivellaksensa		past	kaivellut	kaiveltu
2nd	inessive2	kaivellessa	kaiveltaessa	agent4	kaivelema
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kaivellessani kaivellessamme 2nd kaivellessasi kaivellessanne 3rd kaivellessaan kaivellessansa		negative	kaivelematon
	instructive	kaivellen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd	inessive	kaivelemassa	—
	elative	kaivelemasta	—
	illative	kaivelemaan	—
	adessive	kaivelemalla	—
	abessive	kaivelematta	—
	instructive	kaiveleman	kaiveltaman
4th3	verbal noun	kaiveleminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st kaivelemaisillani kaivelemaisillamme 2nd kaivelemaisillasi kaivelemaisillanne 3rd kaivelemaisillaan kaivelemaisillansa

Derived terms

• kaiveleminen
• kaivelu

 

Further reading

• “kaivella”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Anagrams

• livekala