jana

See also: Jana, jaña, and Jāņa

Finnish

Etymology

In dialects meant "row, line" (e.g. of traps), from where it was adopted into the literary language. The first instance of the modern meaning in geometry is from 1860.

There are two theories for the etymology of this word. The first supposes that the word is directly related to juoni, although the exact derivation is unclear. It is quite often described as a "sound-symbolic" variant of such, mainly in light of the supposed other obscured derivatives juna, jono and others. The other theory supposes a borrowing from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*(j)ānaʀ) (from Proto-Germanic *jēnaz; compare Old High German jān).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjɑnɑ/, [ˈjɑ̝nɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑnɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): ja‧na

Noun

jana

1. (geometry) line segment

Declension

Inflection of jana (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		jana	janat
genitive		janan	janojen
partitive		janaa	janoja
illative		janaan	janoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		jana	janat
accusative	nom.	jana	janat
	gen.	janan
genitive		janan	janojen janain rare
partitive		janaa	janoja
inessive		janassa	janoissa
elative		janasta	janoista
illative		janaan	janoihin
adessive		janalla	janoilla
ablative		janalta	janoilta
allative		janalle	janoille
essive		janana	janoina
translative		janaksi	janoiksi
abessive		janatta	janoitta
instructive		—	janoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of jana (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative janani janani accusative nom. janani janani gen. janani genitive janani janojeni janaini rare partitive janaani janojani inessive janassani janoissani elative janastani janoistani illative janaani janoihini adessive janallani janoillani ablative janaltani janoiltani allative janalleni janoilleni essive jananani janoinani translative janakseni janoikseni abessive janattani janoittani instructive — — comitative — janoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative janasi janasi accusative nom. janasi janasi gen. janasi genitive janasi janojesi janaisi rare partitive janaasi janojasi inessive janassasi janoissasi elative janastasi janoistasi illative janaasi janoihisi adessive janallasi janoillasi ablative janaltasi janoiltasi allative janallesi janoillesi essive jananasi janoinasi translative janaksesi janoiksesi abessive janattasi janoittasi instructive — — comitative — janoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative janamme janamme accusative nom. janamme janamme gen. janamme genitive janamme janojemme janaimme rare partitive janaamme janojamme inessive janassamme janoissamme elative janastamme janoistamme illative janaamme janoihimme adessive janallamme janoillamme ablative janaltamme janoiltamme allative janallemme janoillemme essive jananamme janoinamme translative janaksemme janoiksemme abessive janattamme janoittamme instructive — — comitative — janoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative jananne jananne accusative nom. jananne jananne gen. jananne genitive jananne janojenne janainne rare partitive janaanne janojanne inessive janassanne janoissanne elative janastanne janoistanne illative janaanne janoihinne adessive janallanne janoillanne ablative janaltanne janoiltanne allative janallenne janoillenne essive janananne janoinanne translative janaksenne janoiksenne abessive janattanne janoittanne instructive — — comitative — janoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative janansa janansa accusative nom. janansa janansa gen. janansa genitive janansa janojensa janainsa rare partitive janaansa janojaan janojansa inessive janassaan janassansa janoissaan janoissansa elative janastaan janastansa janoistaan janoistansa illative janaansa janoihinsa adessive janallaan janallansa janoillaan janoillansa ablative janaltaan janaltansa janoiltaan janoiltansa allative janalleen janallensa janoilleen janoillensa essive jananaan jananansa janoinaan janoinansa translative janakseen janaksensa janoikseen janoiksensa abessive janattaan janattansa janoittaan janoittansa instructive — — comitative — janoineen janoinensa

Derived terms

• aikajana
• keskijana
• korkeusjana
• laatikko-janakuvio
• suuntajana
• yhdysjana

 

Further reading

• “jana”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Anagrams

• Anja, ajan, jaan

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀚𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• जन (Devanagari script)
• জন (Bengali script)
• ජන (Sinhalese script)
• ဇန or ၹၼ (Burmese script)
• ชน or ชะนะ (Thai script)
• ᨩᨶ (Tai Tham script)
• ຊນ or ຊະນະ (Lao script)
• ជន (Khmer script)
• 𑄎𑄚 (Chakma script)

Etymology

From Sanskrit जन (jana).

Noun

jana m

1. person; man; people

Declension

Declension table of "jana" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	jano	janā
Accusative (second)	janaṃ	jane
Instrumental (third)	janena	janehi or janebhi
Dative (fourth)	janassa or janāya or janatthaṃ	janānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	janasmā or janamhā or janā	janehi or janebhi
Genitive (sixth)	janassa	janānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	janasmiṃ or janamhi or jane	janesu
Vocative (calling)	jana	janā

Descendants

• Burmese: ဇန (ja.na.)

References

Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “jana”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

Sardinian

Etymology

From Latin Diana, from Proto-Italic *deiwā, from Proto-Indo-European *deywós.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjana/

Noun

jana f (plural janas)

1. fairy

Swahili

FWOTD – 2 May 2020

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʄɑ.nɑ/

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu [Term?].

Adjective

jana (invariable)

1. last (most recent time)
   • 2019, “Uhuru wa vyombo vya habari: Waandishi wangapi waliouawa mwaka jana duniani?”, in BBC Swahili‎^[2]:

     Afghanistan inasalia kuwa nchi ilio hatari zaidi kuishi kama mwandishi habari, kukishuhudiwa vifo vya waandishi 16 mwaka jana.

     Afghanistan continues to be the most dangerous country for journalists to live in, bearing witness to the deaths of 16 journalists last year.

Adverb

jana

1. yesterday
   • 2018 December 3, “MAGUFULI AMTAJA LOWASSA SHIDA YA MAJI”, in Taifa Leo‎^[3], archived from the original on 9 August 2019:

     Takribani wiki moja baada ya Rais John Magufuli na Edward Lowassa kupeana sifa, jana kiongozi mkuu huyo wa nchi amemtaja tena waziri mkuu huyo wa zamani, safari hii akimhusisha na ombi la mbunge wa Monduli kuhusu uhaba wa maji.

     About one week after President John Magufuli and Edward Lowassa exchanged praise, yesterday the head of state mentioned the former prime minister again, this time involving a request to MP Monduli's request about water shortages.

Noun

jana class IX (plural jana class X)

1. yesterday
   • 2019 July 24, Curtis Otieno, “ODM MP praises DPP Haji over CS Rotich's woes”, in Hivi Sasa‎^[4]:

     Tunataka sasa kuona watu wanafungwa katika kesi zote sio hii ya jana tu.

     Now we want to see people imprisoned in every case, not just yesterday's.

Etymology 2

From the root of mwana.

Noun

jana class V (plural majana class VI)

1. Augmentative of mwana: large child
2. larva, grub
   • 2005, Kakakuona, Issue 19‎^[5], Tanzania Wildlife Protection Fund, page 5:

     Wafugaji wengine waliokuwa wakifuga nyuki kwa kutumia vyungu walifaulu kutenganisha kundi la majana na lile la kuweka asali kwa kuweka nyansi zenye kuruhusu nyuki vibarua kupanda juu wakiwa wamejaa matumbo yao na mbochi na chavua kubakia kwenye mtungi wa chini kwenye malkia na majana.

     Other beekeeping ranchers using ants were successful in separating the group of larvae from the settled honey by leaving out grass to allow worker bees to rise above when they had filled their stomachs with nectar and pollen, leaving a jar below with the queen and larvae.

Derived terms

• kijana (“youth”)

Ye'kwana

Variant orthographies

ALIV	jana
Brazilian standard	fana
New Tribes	jana

Etymology

From Proto-Cariban *pana.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [hʷana]

Noun

jana (possessed janadü)

1. ear

Derived terms

• janasede

 

References

• Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “jana”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎^[6], Lyon
• Hall, Katherine Lee (1988) “hana”, in The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volumes I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University, page 289
• Hall, Katherine (2007) “hāna”, in Mary Ritchie Key & Bernard Comrie, editors, The Intercontinental Dictionary Series‎^[7], Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, published 2021

Zulu

FWOTD – 30 May 2020

Alternative forms

• -dana

Etymology

From -de (“long, tall”) +‎ -ana (diminutive).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dʒaːna/

Adjective

-jana

1. rather long
2. fairly tall

Inflection

Adjective concord
	Modifier		Copulative
	positive	negative	positive	negative
1st singular	engimjana	engingemjana	ngimjana	angimjana
2nd singular	omjana	ongemjana	umjana	awumjana
1st plural	esibajana	esingebajana	sibajana	asibajana
2nd plural	enibajana	eningebajana	nibajana	anibajana
Class 1	omjana	ongemjana	mjana	akamjana
Class 2	abajana	abangebajana	bajana	ababajana
Class 3	omjana	ongemjana	mjana	awumjana
Class 4	emijana	engemijana	mijana	ayimijana
Class 5	elijana	elingelijana	lijana	alilijana
Class 6	amajana	angemajana	majana	awamajana
Class 7	esijana	esingesijana	sijana	asisijana
Class 8	ezinjana	ezingezinjana	zinjana	azizinjana
Class 9	enjana	engenjana, engeyinjana	injana, yinjana	ayiyinjana
Class 10	ezinjana	ezingezinjana	zinjana	azizinjana
Class 11	olujana	olungelujana	lujana	alulujana
Class 14	obujana	obungebujana	bujana	abubujana
Class 15	okujana	okungekujana	kujana	akukujana
Class 17	okujana	okungekujana	kujana	akukujana

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “-jana”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-jana”