ilkkua
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Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Possibly from the same root as ilkeä + -ua.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ilkkua
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of ilkkua (Kotus type 52*A/sanoa, kk-k gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | ilkun | en ilku | 1st sing. | olen ilkkunut | en ole ilkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | ilkut | et ilku | 2nd sing. | olet ilkkunut | et ole ilkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | ilkkuu | ei ilku | 3rd sing. | on ilkkunut | ei ole ilkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | ilkumme | emme ilku | 1st plur. | olemme ilkkuneet | emme ole ilkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | ilkutte | ette ilku | 2nd plur. | olette ilkkuneet | ette ole ilkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | ilkkuvat | eivät ilku | 3rd plur. | ovat ilkkuneet | eivät ole ilkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | ilkutaan | ei ilkuta | passive | on ilkuttu | ei ole ilkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | ilkuin | en ilkkunut | 1st sing. | olin ilkkunut | en ollut ilkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | ilkuit | et ilkkunut | 2nd sing. | olit ilkkunut | et ollut ilkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | ilkkui | ei ilkkunut | 3rd sing. | oli ilkkunut | ei ollut ilkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | ilkuimme | emme ilkkuneet | 1st plur. | olimme ilkkuneet | emme olleet ilkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | ilkuitte | ette ilkkuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte ilkkuneet | ette olleet ilkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | ilkkuivat | eivät ilkkuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat ilkkuneet | eivät olleet ilkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | ilkuttiin | ei ilkuttu | passive | oli ilkuttu | ei ollut ilkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | ilkkuisin | en ilkkuisi | 1st sing. | olisin ilkkunut | en olisi ilkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | ilkkuisit | et ilkkuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit ilkkunut | et olisi ilkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | ilkkuisi | ei ilkkuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi ilkkunut | ei olisi ilkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | ilkkuisimme | emme ilkkuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme ilkkuneet | emme olisi ilkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | ilkkuisitte | ette ilkkuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte ilkkuneet | ette olisi ilkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | ilkkuisivat | eivät ilkkuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat ilkkuneet | eivät olisi ilkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | ilkuttaisiin | ei ilkuttaisi | passive | olisi ilkuttu | ei olisi ilkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | ilku | älä ilku | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | ilkkukoon | älköön ilkkuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon ilkkunut | älköön olko ilkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | ilkkukaamme | älkäämme ilkkuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | ilkkukaa | älkää ilkkuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | ilkkukoot | älkööt ilkkuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot ilkkuneet | älkööt olko ilkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | ilkuttakoon | älköön ilkuttako | passive | olkoon ilkuttu | älköön olko ilkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | ilkkunen | en ilkkune | 1st sing. | lienen ilkkunut | en liene ilkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | ilkkunet | et ilkkune | 2nd sing. | lienet ilkkunut | et liene ilkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | ilkkunee | ei ilkkune | 3rd sing. | lienee ilkkunut | ei liene ilkkunut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | ilkkunemme | emme ilkkune | 1st plur. | lienemme ilkkuneet | emme liene ilkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | ilkkunette | ette ilkkune | 2nd plur. | lienette ilkkuneet | ette liene ilkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | ilkkunevat | eivät ilkkune | 3rd plur. | lienevät ilkkuneet | eivät liene ilkkuneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | ilkuttaneen | ei ilkuttane | passive | lienee ilkuttu | ei liene ilkuttu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | ilkkua | present | ilkkuva | ilkuttava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
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past | ilkkunut | ilkuttu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | ilkkuessa | ilkuttaessa | agent4 | ilkkuma | ||||||||||||||||
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negative | ilkkumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | ilkkuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | ilkkumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | ilkkumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | ilkkumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | ilkkumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | ilkkumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | ilkkuman | ilkuttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | ilkkuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “ilkkua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02