Jump to content

hryggja

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Icelandic

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Old Norse hryggva, hryggja, from Proto-Germanic *hrewwaną, *hriwwijaną.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

hryggja (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative hryggði, supine hryggt)

  1. to sadden

Conjugation

[edit]
hryggja – active voice (germynd)
infinitive nafnháttur hryggja
supine sagnbót hryggt
present participle
hryggjandi
indicative
subjunctive
present
past
present
past
singular ég hryggi hryggði hryggi hryggði
þú hryggir hryggðir hryggir hryggðir
hann, hún, það hryggir hryggði hryggi hryggði
plural við hryggjum hryggðum hryggjum hryggðum
þið hryggið hryggðuð hryggið hryggðuð
þeir, þær, þau hryggja hryggðu hryggi hryggðu
imperative boðháttur
singular þú hrygg (þú), hryggðu
plural þið hryggið (þið), hryggiði1
1 Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
hryggjast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive nafnháttur hryggjast
supine sagnbót hryggst
present participle
hryggjandist (rare; see appendix)
indicative
subjunctive
present
past
present
past
singular ég hryggist hryggðist hryggist hryggðist
þú hryggist hryggðist hryggist hryggðist
hann, hún, það hryggist hryggðist hryggist hryggðist
plural við hryggjumst hryggðumst hryggjumst hryggðumst
þið hryggist hryggðust hryggist hryggðust
þeir, þær, þau hryggjast hryggðust hryggist hryggðust
imperative boðháttur
singular þú hryggst (þú), hryggstu
plural þið hryggist (þið), hryggisti1
1 Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
hryggður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
hryggður hryggð hryggt hryggðir hryggðar hryggð
accusative
(þolfall)
hryggðan hryggða hryggt hryggða hryggðar hryggð
dative
(þágufall)
hryggðum hryggðri hryggðu hryggðum hryggðum hryggðum
genitive
(eignarfall)
hryggðs hryggðrar hryggðs hryggðra hryggðra hryggðra
weak declension
(veik beyging)
singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
masculine
(karlkyn)
feminine
(kvenkyn)
neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)
hryggði hryggða hryggða hryggðu hryggðu hryggðu
accusative
(þolfall)
hryggða hryggðu hryggða hryggðu hryggðu hryggðu
dative
(þágufall)
hryggða hryggðu hryggða hryggðu hryggðu hryggðu
genitive
(eignarfall)
hryggða hryggðu hryggða hryggðu hryggðu hryggðu
[edit]

Old Norse

[edit]

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *hrewwaną, *hriwwijaną.

Verb

[edit]

hryggja

  1. to distress, to grieve [with accusative]
  2. to cause to look sad [with accusative]

Conjugation

[edit]
Conjugation of hryggja — active (weak class 1)
infinitive hryggja
present participle hryggjandi
past participle hrygðr
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular hryggi hrygða hryggja hrygða
2nd person singular hryggir hrygðir hryggir hrygðir
3rd person singular hryggir hrygði hryggi hrygði
1st person plural hryggjum hrygðum hryggim hrygðim
2nd person plural hryggið hrygðuð hryggið hrygðið
3rd person plural hryggja hrygðu hryggi hrygði
imperative present
2nd person singular hrygg, hryggi
1st person plural hryggjum
2nd person plural hryggið
Conjugation of hryggja — mediopassive (weak class 1)
infinitive hryggjask
present participle hryggjandisk
past participle hrygzk
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular hryggjumk hrygðumk hryggjumk hrygðumk
2nd person singular hryggisk hrygðisk hryggisk hrygðisk
3rd person singular hryggisk hrygðisk hryggisk hrygðisk
1st person plural hryggjumsk hrygðumsk hryggimsk hrygðimsk
2nd person plural hryggizk hrygðuzk hryggizk hrygðizk
3rd person plural hryggjask hrygðusk hryggisk hrygðisk
imperative present
2nd person singular hrygsk, hryggisk
1st person plural hryggjumsk
2nd person plural hryggizk
[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
  • Icelandic: hryggja
  • Faroese: ryggja
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: ryggja

Further reading

[edit]
  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “hryggja”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 212; also available at the Internet Archive