hryggva

Old Norse

Alternative forms

• hryggja — younger

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hrewwaną, *hriwwijaną.

Verb

hryggva

1. to distress, to grieve [with accusative]
2. to cause to look sad [with accusative]

Conjugation

Conjugation of hryggva — active (weak class 1)

infinitive	hryggva
present participle	hryggvandi
past participle	hrygðr
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	hryggvi	hrygða
2nd-person singular	hryggvir	hrygðir
3rd-person singular	hryggvir	hrygði
1st-person plural	hryggum	hrygðum
2nd-person plural	hryggvið	hrygðuð
3rd-person plural	hryggva	hrygðu
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	hryggva	hrygða
2nd-person singular	hryggvir	hrygðir
3rd-person singular	hryggvi	hrygði
1st-person plural	hryggvim	hrygðim
2nd-person plural	hryggvið	hrygðið
3rd-person plural	hryggvi	hrygði
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	hrygg, hryggvi
1st-person plural	hryggum
2nd-person plural	hryggvið

Conjugation of hryggva — mediopassive (weak class 1)

infinitive	hryggvask
present participle	hryggvandisk
past participle	hrygzk
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	hryggumk	hrygðumk
2nd-person singular	hryggvisk	hrygðisk
3rd-person singular	hryggvisk	hrygðisk
1st-person plural	hryggumsk	hrygðumsk
2nd-person plural	hryggvizk	hrygðuzk
3rd-person plural	hryggvask	hrygðusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	hryggumk	hrygðumk
2nd-person singular	hryggvisk	hrygðisk
3rd-person singular	hryggvisk	hrygðisk
1st-person plural	hryggvimsk	hrygðimsk
2nd-person plural	hryggvizk	hrygðizk
3rd-person plural	hryggvisk	hrygðisk
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	hrygsk, hryggvisk
1st-person plural	hryggumsk
2nd-person plural	hryggvizk

Further reading

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “hryggva”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive