hindra
Icelandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse hindra, from Proto-Germanic *hinderōną.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]hindra (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative hindraði, supine hindrað)
- to hinder, to obstruct, to block [with accusative]
- Synonym: teppa
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að hindra | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
hindrað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
hindrandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég hindra | við hindrum | present (nútíð) |
ég hindri | við hindrum |
þú hindrar | þið hindrið | þú hindrir | þið hindrið | ||
hann, hún, það hindrar | þeir, þær, þau hindra | hann, hún, það hindri | þeir, þær, þau hindri | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég hindraði | við hindruðum | past (þátíð) |
ég hindraði | við hindruðum |
þú hindraðir | þið hindruðuð | þú hindraðir | þið hindruðuð | ||
hann, hún, það hindraði | þeir, þær, þau hindruðu | hann, hún, það hindraði | þeir, þær, þau hindruðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
hindra (þú) | hindrið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
hindraðu | hindriði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að hindrast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
hindrast | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
hindrandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég hindrast | við hindrumst | present (nútíð) |
ég hindrist | við hindrumst |
þú hindrast | þið hindrist | þú hindrist | þið hindrist | ||
hann, hún, það hindrast | þeir, þær, þau hindrast | hann, hún, það hindrist | þeir, þær, þau hindrist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég hindraðist | við hindruðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég hindraðist | við hindruðumst |
þú hindraðist | þið hindruðust | þú hindraðist | þið hindruðust | ||
hann, hún, það hindraðist | þeir, þær, þau hindruðust | hann, hún, það hindraðist | þeir, þær, þau hindruðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
hindrast (þú) | hindrist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
hindrastu | hindristi * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
hindraður | hindruð | hindrað | hindraðir | hindraðar | hindruð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
hindraðan | hindraða | hindrað | hindraða | hindraðar | hindruð | |
dative (þágufall) |
hindruðum | hindraðri | hindruðu | hindruðum | hindruðum | hindruðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
hindraðs | hindraðrar | hindraðs | hindraðra | hindraðra | hindraðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
hindraði | hindraða | hindraða | hindruðu | hindruðu | hindruðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
hindraða | hindruðu | hindraða | hindruðu | hindruðu | hindruðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
hindraða | hindruðu | hindraða | hindruðu | hindruðu | hindruðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
hindraða | hindruðu | hindraða | hindruðu | hindruðu | hindruðu |
Derived terms
[edit]Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]hindra n
Verb
[edit]hindra
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Norse hindra, from Proto-Germanic *hinderōną.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]hindra (present tense hindrar, past tense hindra, past participle hindra, passive infinitive hindrast, present participle hindrande, imperative hindra/hindr)
- a-infinitive form of hindre
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]hindra n
Anagrams
[edit]Old Norse
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *hinderōną.
Verb
[edit]hindra
- (transitive) to hinder, to keep behind
- (intransitive) to loiter, linger
- hindra eptir e-u
- to loiter about a thing
- (impersonal) to want, lack
- e-n hindrar e-t
- someone lacks something
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | hindra | |
---|---|---|
present participle | hindrandi | |
past participle | hindraðr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | hindra | hindraða |
2nd-person singular | hindrar | hindraðir |
3rd-person singular | hindrar | hindraði |
1st-person plural | hindrum | hindruðum |
2nd-person plural | hindrið | hindruðuð |
3rd-person plural | hindra | hindruðu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | hindra | hindraða |
2nd-person singular | hindrir | hindraðir |
3rd-person singular | hindri | hindraði |
1st-person plural | hindrim | hindraðim |
2nd-person plural | hindrið | hindraðið |
3rd-person plural | hindri | hindraði |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | hindra | |
1st-person plural | hindrum | |
2nd-person plural | hindrið |
infinitive | hindrask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | hindrandisk | |
past participle | hindrazk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | hindrumk | hindruðumk |
2nd-person singular | hindrask | hindraðisk |
3rd-person singular | hindrask | hindraðisk |
1st-person plural | hindrumsk | hindruðumsk |
2nd-person plural | hindrizk | hindruðuzk |
3rd-person plural | hindrask | hindruðusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | hindrumk | hindruðumk |
2nd-person singular | hindrisk | hindraðisk |
3rd-person singular | hindrisk | hindraðisk |
1st-person plural | hindrimsk | hindraðimsk |
2nd-person plural | hindrizk | hindraðizk |
3rd-person plural | hindrisk | hindraðisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | hindrask | |
1st-person plural | hindrumsk | |
2nd-person plural | hindrizk |
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Adjective
[edit]hindra
Etymology 3
[edit]Noun
[edit]hindra n
References
[edit]- “hindra”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Anagrams
[edit]Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Swedish hindra, from Old Norse hindra (“hinder, stay, delay”), probably from Proto-Germanic *hindrōną (“to put back”), from Proto-Indo-European *k(')enta (“down, below, with, far, along, against”), from *ḱen- (“to set oneself in motion, arise”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]hindra (present hindrar, preterite hindrade, supine hindrat, imperative hindra)
Conjugation
[edit]Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | hindra | hindras | ||
Supine | hindrat | hindrats | ||
Imperative | hindra | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | hindren | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | hindrar | hindrade | hindras | hindrades |
Ind. plural1 | hindra | hindrade | hindras | hindrades |
Subjunctive2 | hindre | hindrade | hindres | hindrades |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | hindrande | |||
Past participle | hindrad | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- hindra in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
- hindra in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
Anagrams
[edit]- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic weak verbs
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål noun forms
- Norwegian Bokmål verb forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk weak verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk noun forms
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse transitive verbs
- Old Norse intransitive verbs
- Old Norse terms with usage examples
- Old Norse impersonal verbs
- Old Norse class 2 weak verbs
- Old Norse non-lemma forms
- Old Norse comparative adjective forms
- Old Norse noun forms
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish terms with audio pronunciation
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish verbs
- Swedish weak verbs