haedus

Latin

Alternative forms

• aedus
• ēdus
• hoedus
• hedus

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *haidos, from earlier *xaidos, probably a loanword from a pre-Indo-European substrate language due to the fact that it cannot be derived from any known root. The only sure cognate is Proto-Germanic *gaits (“goat”).

Varro, in De Lingua Latina cites a Sabine form: fedus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈhae̯.dus/, [ˈhäe̯d̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈe.dus/, [ˈɛːd̪us]

Noun

haedus m (genitive haedī); second declension

1. young goat, kid
   • 116 BCE – 27 BCE, Marcus Terentius Varro, De Lingua Latina V.97:

     Ηircus, quod Sabini fircus; quod illic fedus, in Latio rure hedus, qui in urbe ut in multis A addito haedus.

     We Romans say "hircus" [he-goat], when the Sabines: "fircus"; and that which they there call "fedus" is in the Roman countryside said "hedus", the which in Rome, with the letter A added as in several other such terms, is said "haedus".

Usage notes

Varro claims this form was more popular in the city while hedus was more common in rural areas.

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	haedus	haedī
genitive	haedī	haedōrum
dative	haedō	haedīs
accusative	haedum	haedōs
ablative	haedō	haedīs
vocative	haede	haedī

Coordinate terms

• buccus
• caper
• capra
• hircus

Derived terms

• Haedī
• haedīnus

Descendants

• Eastern Romance
  • Aromanian: ed
  • Megleno-Romanian: ied
  • Romanian: ied
• Sardinian: edu
• Vulgar Latin: *haegulus
  • Old Italian: eghio

References

• “haedus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “haedus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• haedus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 278
• Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 229