greiða
Appearance
Faroese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse greiða (“to arrange; fit out; comb”), from Proto-Germanic *garaidijaną.
Verb
[edit]greiða (third person singular past indicative greiddi, third person plural past indicative greiddu, supine greitt)
- to straighten out, to order, to arrange, to unknot
- to comb
- to answer, to resolve
- to prepare
- to commit, to deliver, to give over
- greiða frá: to tell, to report, to recount, to explain
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of greiða (group v-3) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | greiða | |
supine | greitt | |
participle (a18)1 | greiðandi | greiddur |
present | past | |
first singular | greiði | greiddi |
second singular | greiðir | greiddi |
third singular | greiðir | greiddi |
plural | greiða | greiddu |
imperative | ||
singular | greið! | |
plural | greiðið! | |
1Only the past participle being declined. |
Icelandic
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Nominalization of the verbal sense in Etymology 2.
Noun
[edit]greiða f (genitive singular greiðu, nominative plural greiður)
Declension
[edit]Declension of greiða (feminine)
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | greiða | greiðan | greiður | greiðurnar |
accusative | greiðu | greiðuna | greiður | greiðurnar |
dative | greiðu | greiðunni | greiðum | greiðunum |
genitive | greiðu | greiðunnar | greiða, greiðna | greiðanna, greiðnanna |
Etymology 2
[edit]From Old Norse greiða (“to arrange; fit out; comb”), from Proto-Germanic *garaidijaną.
Verb
[edit]greiða (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative greiddi, supine greitt)
- to comb
- Synonym: kemba
- Þú ættir að greiða hárið á þér. Það er orðið svo úfið.
- You should comb your hair. It’s become really ruffled.
- to pay, to discharge (a debt)
- Synonym: borga
- Ég greiddi 1206 krónur fyrir matinn.
- I paid 1206 krónur for the food.
Conjugation
[edit]greiða — active voice (germynd)
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að greiða | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
greitt | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
greiðandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég greiði | við greiðum | present (nútíð) |
ég greiði | við greiðum |
þú greiðir | þið greiðið | þú greiðir | þið greiðið | ||
hann, hún, það greiðir | þeir, þær, þau greiða | hann, hún, það greiði | þeir, þær, þau greiði | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég greiddi | við greiddum | past (þátíð) |
ég greiddi | við greiddum |
þú greiddir | þið greidduð | þú greiddir | þið greidduð | ||
hann, hún, það greiddi | þeir, þær, þau greiddu | hann, hún, það greiddi | þeir, þær, þau greiddu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
greið (þú) | greiðið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
greiddu | greiðiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að greiðast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
greiðst | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
greiðandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég greiðist | við greiðumst | present (nútíð) |
ég greiðist | við greiðumst |
þú greiðist | þið greiðist | þú greiðist | þið greiðist | ||
hann, hún, það greiðist | þeir, þær, þau greiðast | hann, hún, það greiðist | þeir, þær, þau greiðist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég greiddist | við greiddumst | past (þátíð) |
ég greiddist | við greiddumst |
þú greiddist | þið greiddust | þú greiddist | þið greiddust | ||
hann, hún, það greiddist | þeir, þær, þau greiddust | hann, hún, það greiddist | þeir, þær, þau greiddust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
greiðst (þú) | greiðist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
greiðstu | greiðisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
greiddur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
greiddur | greidd | greitt | greiddir | greiddar | greidd | |
accusative (þolfall) |
greiddan | greidda | greitt | greidda | greiddar | greidd | |
dative (þágufall) |
greiddum | greiddri | greiddu | greiddum | greiddum | greiddum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
greidds | greiddrar | greidds | greiddra | greiddra | greiddra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
greiddi | greidda | greidda | greiddu | greiddu | greiddu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
greidda | greiddu | greidda | greiddu | greiddu | greiddu | |
dative (þágufall) |
greidda | greiddu | greidda | greiddu | greiddu | greiddu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
greidda | greiddu | greidda | greiddu | greiddu | greiddu |
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) “greiða”, in Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *garaidijaną (“to arrange, set in order”).
Verb
[edit]greiða (singular past indicative greiddi, plural past indicative greiddu, past participle greiddr)
- to unravel, disentangle, arrange
- (with hár) to comb or dress the hair
- to make or get ready
- Greiða til vað
- To get ready a fishing line
- Greiða til um vápn
- To get the weapons ready
- to speed, to further
- (reflexive) to be successful, get on
- Greiddist honum vel
- He got on well
- (literally, “It sped well with him”)
- (reflexive) to be successful, get on
- to pay
- to discharge, perform
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of greiða — active (weak class 1)
infinitive | greiða | |
---|---|---|
present participle | greiðandi | |
past participle | greiddr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | greiði | greidda |
2nd-person singular | greiðir | greiddir |
3rd-person singular | greiðir | greiddi |
1st-person plural | greiðum | greiddum |
2nd-person plural | greiðið | greidduð |
3rd-person plural | greiða | greiddu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | greiða | greidda |
2nd-person singular | greiðir | greiddir |
3rd-person singular | greiði | greiddi |
1st-person plural | greiðim | greiddim |
2nd-person plural | greiðið | greiddið |
3rd-person plural | greiði | greiddi |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | greið, greiði | |
1st-person plural | greiðum | |
2nd-person plural | greiðið |
Conjugation of greiða — mediopassive (weak class 1)
infinitive | greiðask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | greiðandisk | |
past participle | greiðzk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | greiðumk | greiddumk |
2nd-person singular | greiðisk | greiddisk |
3rd-person singular | greiðisk | greiddisk |
1st-person plural | greiðumsk | greiddumsk |
2nd-person plural | greiðizk | greidduzk |
3rd-person plural | greiðask | greiddusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | greiðumk | greiddumk |
2nd-person singular | greiðisk | greiddisk |
3rd-person singular | greiðisk | greiddisk |
1st-person plural | greiðimsk | greiddimsk |
2nd-person plural | greiðizk | greiddizk |
3rd-person plural | greiðisk | greiddisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | greiðsk, greiðisk | |
1st-person plural | greiðumsk | |
2nd-person plural | greiðizk |
Descendants
[edit]- Icelandic: greiða
- Faroese: greiða
- Norwegian: (dialectal) greia, greide
- Swedish: gre, greda
- Danish: grede
- Norwegian Bokmål: gre
- → Middle English: graithen, greithen
- → Old French: greer, greier
- French: gréer
References
[edit]- “greiða”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Categories:
- Faroese terms inherited from Old Norse
- Faroese terms derived from Old Norse
- Faroese terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Faroese terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Faroese lemmas
- Faroese verbs
- Faroese terms with usage examples
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/eiːða
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic nouns
- Icelandic feminine nouns
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic weak verbs
- Icelandic terms with usage examples
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse terms with usage examples
- Old Norse reflexive verbs
- Old Norse class 1 weak long-stem verbs