grían

See also: grian, grian-, griən, and gri͡an

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *greinā. Further etymology uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to be warm, hot”).

Matasović reconstructs Proto-Celtic *gʷrensnā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrenso- (“warm”) (whence Sanskrit घ्रंस (ghraṃsa, “heat of the sun”) and Proto-Celtic *gʷrensos, whence Middle Welsh gwres (“heat (of the sun, fire)”), compare also Proto-Celtic *gʷrīns, whence derived *gʷrīnsā > Old Irish grís (“heat (of the sun), fire, embers”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʲrʲiːa̯n/

Noun

grían f

1. sun

Inflection

Feminine ā-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	gríanL	gréinL	gríanaH
vocative	gríanL	gréinL	gríanaH
accusative	gréinN	gréinL	gríanaH
genitive	gréineH	gríanL	gríanN
dative	gréinL	gríanaib	gríanaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• gríanach (“sunny”)
• gríanaid
• gríanán (“bower, sunny place”)
• gríanda (“relating to the sun, solar”)
• gríandaide (“solar”)
• gríanmar (“brilliant”)

Descendants

• Irish: grian
• Manx: grian
• Scottish Gaelic: grian

Mutation

Mutation of grían

radical	lenition	nasalization
grían	grían pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/	ngrían

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “grían”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language