dzidrs
Appearance
Latvian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the same stem as gaišs (“bright, light”): Proto-Baltic *gīd- (with an extra syllable -ro), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰəid-, *gʷʰīd-, *gʷʰid- (“bright, shining”). Cognates include Lithuanian giẽdras, gaidrùs (“bright, clear”), Ancient Greek φαιδρός (phaidrós, “bright, clear, happy”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Adjective
[edit]dzidrs (definite dzidrais, comparative dzidrāks, superlative visdzidrākais, adverb dzidri)
- clear and transparent, also shiny
- dzidrs stikls ― clear glass
- dzidrs avots ― clear spring, source
- ledus bija plāns un dzidrs, tā ka tam cauri varēja redzēt ― the ice was thin and clear, so that one could see through it
- ezera ūdens ir dzidrs: var saskatīt dibenu, kaut gan dziļums sasniedz 20 metru ― the lake water is clear: one can see the bottom, even though the depth reaches 20 meters
- clear, without fog, haze, clouds, without impurities
- debesis dzidras un skaidras, spīd saule ― the sky is clear and clean, the sun is shining
- pelēkzilganās dūmu strūklas lēnām izzūd dzidrajā vasaras gaisā ― the grayish-blue jets of smoke slowly disappeared in the clear summer air
- saule jau bija pakāpusies augstu, dienas solījās būt dzidra un silta ― the sun had already risen high, the day was promising to be clear and warm
- (of eyes) clear, bright, limpid
- skatīties ar dzidrām acīm ― to watch with clear, limpid eyes
- (figuratively) clear, pure (without negative elements; nice, good)
- cik tīrs un dzidrs lauku cilvēka prieks ― how clean and clear (= pure) is the joy of a countryside person
- sirsnīgi valdzinošs, sievišķīgi poētisks un dzidrs ir Laimdotas tēls ― the (play) character Laimdota is sincerely captivating, femininely poetic and clear
- (of colors, light) clear, clean, pure (without admixture of other colors)
- dzidras, spektrālas krāsas ― clear, spectral colors
- zvaigžņu dzidrais mirdzums ― the clear shine of the stars
- debesis bija dzidri zilas un dziļas: nekur nevienas pelēksnējas svītras ― the sky was clear blue and deep: nowhere a single grayish stripe
- (of sounds, voices, musical instruments) high, sonorous, melodious
- dzidra flauta ― clear flute
- dzidrs zvans ― clear bell
- klausitāji apbrīnoja mūzikas instrumentu dzidro skanējumu ― the audience admired the clear sound of the musical instruments
- putniņš skandina dzidrus, gaiša prieka pilnus treļļus ― the little bird was singing clear trills, full of bright joy
- man palikusi prātā jūsu balss: dzidra, skanīga kā zvaniņš ― your voice remained in my mind: as clear and sonorous as a little bell
Declension
[edit]indefinite declension (nenoteiktā galotne) of dzidrs
masculine (vīriešu dzimte) | feminine (sieviešu dzimte) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) |
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) | ||||||
nominative (nominatīvs) | dzidrs | dzidri | dzidra | dzidras | |||||
accusative (akuzatīvs) | dzidru | dzidrus | dzidru | dzidras | |||||
genitive (ģenitīvs) | dzidra | dzidru | dzidras | dzidru | |||||
dative (datīvs) | dzidram | dzidriem | dzidrai | dzidrām | |||||
instrumental (instrumentālis) | dzidru | dzidriem | dzidru | dzidrām | |||||
locative (lokatīvs) | dzidrā | dzidros | dzidrā | dzidrās | |||||
vocative (vokatīvs) | — | — | — | — | |||||
Synonyms
[edit]- skaidrs
- (of "clear and transparent"): caurredzams, caurspīdīgs
- (of "shiny"): spīdīgs, spilgts, spodrs, spožs
- (of "pure", "without admixture"): tīrs
Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “dzidrs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN