dubae

See also: dubä

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *dubwiyom, from *dus- (“bad”) +‎ *-bwi- (“being”) +‎ *-om (verbal noun suffix), literally “being bad”. Cognate to Middle Welsh dyfydd (“grief”). Effectively contains the prefix do- (“bad”).

DIL derives dubae from dub (“black”) +‎ -e (abstract suffix). This derivation is probably incorrect given the similarly-formed antonym subae (“joy”, literally “being good”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈduβɘ]

Noun

dubae n (genitive dubai)

1. gloom, grief

   Antonym: subae

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 110^c9

     glosses maeror

Inflection

Neuter io-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	dubaeN	dubaeL	dubaeL
Vocative	dubaeN	dubaeL	dubaeL
Accusative	dubaeN	dubaeL	dubaeL
Genitive	dubaiL	dubaeL	dubaeN
Dative	dubuL	dubaib	dubaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• dubach

Descendants

• Irish: dubha

Adjective

dubae

1. genitive singular feminine of dub

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
dubae	dubae pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/	ndubae
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dubae”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language