depereo

Latin

Etymology

From dē- +‎ pereō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /deːˈpe.re.oː/, [d̪eːˈpɛreoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /deˈpe.re.o/, [d̪eˈpɛːreo]

Verb

dēpereō (present infinitive dēperīre, perfect active dēperiī or dēperīvī, supine dēperitum); irregular conjugation, no passive perfect forms, impersonal in the passive

1. (intransitive) to perish, to be ruined, to get lost, to go awaste
   • c. 48 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Civili 3.87.2:

     Perexigua pars illīus exercitūs superest. Magna pars dēperiit, quod accidere tot proeliīs fuit necesse, multōs autumnī pestilentia in Italiā consūmpsit, multī domum discessērunt, multī sunt relictī in continentī.

     A very small part of that army is left. A great part perished, which had to happen in so many battles, the pestilence of the autumn consumed many in Italy, many left for home, many were left behind.

   • C.E. 530 – C.E. 533, Justinian I, Dīgesta seu Pandectae 17.1.8.6:

     Mandāvī, ut negōtia gererēs: sī nihil dēperierit, quamvīs nēmō gesserit, nūlla āctiō est, aut sī alius idoneē gesserit, cessat mandātī āctiō.

     I mandated you to manage some affairs: if nothing got lost even though nobody managed them, no claim arises, or if somebody manages alike, the claim from the mandate cedes.

2. (transitive) to be desperately in love with, to love to distraction

Conjugation

Third-person singular passive forms are scantily attested in Medieval texts.

   Conjugation of dēpereō (irregular, no passive perfect forms, impersonal in the passive)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	dēpereō		dēperīs		dēperit		dēperīmus		dēperītis		dēpereunt
	imperfect	dēperībam		dēperībās		dēperībat		dēperībāmus		dēperībātis		dēperībant
	future	dēperībō		dēperībis		dēperībit		dēperībimus		dēperībitis		dēperībunt
	perfect	dēperiī, dēperīvī		dēperīstī, dēperīvistī		dēperiit, dēperīvit		dēperiimus		dēperīstis		dēperiērunt, dēperiēre
	pluperfect	dēperieram		dēperierās		dēperierat		dēperierāmus		dēperierātis		dēperierant
	future perfect	dēperierō		dēperieris		dēperierit		dēperierimus		dēperieritis		dēperierint
passive	present	—		—		dēperītur		—		—		—
	imperfect	—		—		dēperībātur		—		—		—
	future	—		—		dēperībitur		—		—		—
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	dēpeream		dēpereās		dēpereat		dēpereāmus		dēpereātis		dēpereant
	imperfect	dēperīrem		dēperīrēs		dēperīret		dēperīrēmus		dēperīrētis		dēperīrent
	perfect	dēperierim		dēperierīs		dēperierit		dēperierīmus		dēperierītis		dēperierint
	pluperfect	dēperīssem		dēperīssēs		dēperīsset		dēperīssēmus		dēperīssētis		dēperīssent
passive	present	—		—		dēpereātur		—		—		—
	imperfect	—		—		dēperīrētur		—		—		—
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		dēperī		—		—		dēperīte		—
	future	—		dēperītō		dēperītō		—		dēperītōte		dēpereuntō
passive	future	—		—		dēperītor		—		—		—
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		dēperīre			dēperīrī			dēperiēns			—
future		dēperitūrum esse			dēperitum īrī			dēperitūrus			dēpereundum
perfect		dēperīsse			—			—			—
perfect potential		dēperitūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		dēpereundī		dēpereundō		dēpereundum		dēpereundō		dēperitum		dēperitū

Derived terms

• deperītiō

Descendants

• English: deperish
• French: dépérir
• Italian: deperire
• Portuguese: deperecer
• Spanish: desperecer

References

• “depereo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “depereo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• depereo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “depereo” on page 569 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)