döng
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "dong"
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From an onomatopoeia + -g (frequentative suffix).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]döng
- (intransitive) to resound, reverberate, echo, boom
- (intransitive, of bees) to buzz, hum, drone
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of döng
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | döngök | döngsz | döng | döngünk | döngtök | döngnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | döngtem | döngtél | döngött | döngtünk | döngtetek | döngtek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. döngni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | döngék | döngél | dönge | döngénk | döngétek | döngének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. döng vala, döngött vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | döngendek | döngendesz | döngend | döngendünk | döngendetek | döngendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | döngnék | döngnél | döngne | döngnénk | döngnétek | döngnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. döngött volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | döngjek | döngj or döngjél |
döngjön | döngjünk | döngjetek | döngjenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. döngött légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | döngni | döngnöm | döngnöd | döngnie | döngnünk | döngnötök | döngniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| döngés | döngő | döngött | ― | döngve (döngvén) | |||||
potential conjugation of döng
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | dönghetek | dönghetsz | dönghet | dönghetünk | dönghettek | dönghetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | dönghettem | dönghettél | dönghetett | dönghettünk | dönghettetek | dönghettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | döngheték | dönghetél | dönghete | döngheténk | dönghetétek | dönghetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. dönghet vala, dönghetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | dönghetendek or döngandhatok |
dönghetendesz or döngandhatsz |
dönghetend or döngandhat |
dönghetendünk or döngandhatunk |
dönghetendetek or döngandhattok |
dönghetendenek or döngandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | dönghetnék | dönghetnél | dönghetne | dönghetnénk | dönghetnétek | dönghetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. dönghetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | dönghessek | dönghess or dönghessél |
dönghessen | dönghessünk | dönghessetek | dönghessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. dönghetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (dönghetni) | (dönghetnem) | (dönghetned) | (dönghetnie) | (dönghetnünk) | (dönghetnetek) | (dönghetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (dönghetve / dönghetvén) | ||||
or
conjugation of döng
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | döngök | döngesz | döng | döngünk | döngötök or döngtök |
döngenek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | döngtem | döngtél | döngött | döngtünk | döngtetek | döngtek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. döngeni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | döngék | döngél | dönge | döngénk | döngétek | döngének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. döng vala, döngött vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | döngendek | döngendesz | döngend | döngendünk | döngendetek | döngendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | döngenék | döngenél | döngene | döngenénk | döngenétek | döngenének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. döngött volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | döngjek | döngj or döngjél |
döngjön | döngjünk | döngjetek | döngjenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. döngött légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | döngeni | döngenem | döngened | döngenie | döngenünk | döngenetek | döngeniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| döngés | döngő | döngött | ― | döngve (döngvén) | |||||
potential conjugation of döng
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | dönghetek | dönghetsz | dönghet | dönghetünk | dönghettek | dönghetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | dönghettem | dönghettél | dönghetett | dönghettünk | dönghettetek | dönghettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | döngheték | dönghetél | dönghete | döngheténk | dönghetétek | dönghetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. dönghet vala, dönghetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | dönghetendek or döngandhatok |
dönghetendesz or döngandhatsz |
dönghetend or döngandhat |
dönghetendünk or döngandhatunk |
dönghetendetek or döngandhattok |
dönghetendenek or döngandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | dönghetnék | dönghetnél | dönghetne | dönghetnénk | dönghetnétek | dönghetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. dönghetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | dönghessek | dönghess or dönghessél |
dönghessen | dönghessünk | dönghessetek | dönghessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. dönghetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (dönghetni) | (dönghetnem) | (dönghetned) | (dönghetnie) | (dönghetnünk) | (dönghetnetek) | (dönghetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (dönghetve / dönghetvén) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ döng in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- döng in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- döng in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).