csillapul
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the same unattested stem as csillapít + -ul. [1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]csillapul
- (intransitive) to become calm, quiet, to compose oneself, to calm down
- (intransitive) to abate, diminish, subside, drop, die down, slacken
- Synonyms: csendesedik, csillapodik, csökken, enyhül, mérséklődik
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of csillapul
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | csillapulok | csillapulsz | csillapul | csillapulunk | csillapultok | csillapulnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | csillapultam | csillapultál | csillapult | csillapultunk | csillapultatok | csillapultak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. csillapulni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | csillapulék | csillapulál | csillapula | csillapulánk | csillapulátok | csillapulának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. csillapul vala, csillapult vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | csillapulandok | csillapulandasz | csillapuland | csillapulandunk | csillapulandotok | csillapulandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | csillapulnék | csillapulnál | csillapulna | csillapulnánk | csillapulnátok | csillapulnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. csillapult volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | csillapuljak | csillapulj or csillapuljál |
csillapuljon | csillapuljunk | csillapuljatok | csillapuljanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. csillapult légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | csillapulni | csillapulnom | csillapulnod | csillapulnia | csillapulnunk | csillapulnotok | csillapulniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| csillapulás | csillapuló | csillapult | ― | csillapulva (csillapulván) | |||||
potential conjugation of csillapul
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | csillapulhatok | csillapulhatsz | csillapulhat | csillapulhatunk | csillapulhattok | csillapulhatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | csillapulhattam | csillapulhattál | csillapulhatott | csillapulhattunk | csillapulhattatok | csillapulhattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | csillapulhaték | csillapulhatál | csillapulhata | csillapulhatánk | csillapulhatátok | csillapulhatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. csillapulhat vala, csillapulhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | csillapulhatandok or csillapulandhatok |
csillapulhatandasz or csillapulandhatsz |
csillapulhatand or csillapulandhat |
csillapulhatandunk or csillapulandhatunk |
csillapulhatandotok or csillapulandhattok |
csillapulhatandanak or csillapulandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | csillapulhatnék | csillapulhatnál | csillapulhatna | csillapulhatnánk | csillapulhatnátok | csillapulhatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. csillapulhatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | csillapulhassak | csillapulhass or csillapulhassál |
csillapulhasson | csillapulhassunk | csillapulhassatok | csillapulhassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. csillapulhatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (csillapulhatni) | (csillapulhatnom) | (csillapulhatnod) | (csillapulhatnia) | (csillapulhatnunk) | (csillapulhatnotok) | (csillapulhatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (csillapulhatva / csillapulhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ csillapul in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- csillapul in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- csillapul in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).