cruálach
Irish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- cruadálach, cruagálach
- cruadhalach, cruadhálach (superseded)
- cruadhdálach, cruadh-dhálach (obsolete)[1]
Etymology
[edit]From cruáil (“cruelty”) + -ach.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ulster) IPA(key): /ˈkɾˠuəd̪ˠalˠa(x)/, /ˈkɾˠuəd̪ˠal̪ˠa(x)/[2] (corresponding to the form cruadálach)
Adjective
[edit]cruálach (genitive singular masculine cruálaigh, genitive singular feminine cruálaí, plural cruálacha, comparative cruálaí)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural (m/f) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | masculine | feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
| nominative | cruálach | chruálach | cruálacha; chruálacha2 | |
| vocative | chruálaigh | cruálacha | ||
| genitive | cruálaí | cruálacha | cruálach | |
| dative | cruálach; chruálach1 |
chruálach; chruálaigh (archaic) |
cruálacha; chruálacha2 | |
| Comparative | níos cruálaí | |||
| Superlative | is cruálaí | |||
1 When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
2 When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Synonyms
[edit]- (cruel): danartha
- (stingy): sprionlaithe, gortach, ceachartha
- (hardy): miotalach, crua
Mutation
[edit]| radical | lenition | eclipsis |
|---|---|---|
| cruálach | chruálach | gcruálach |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
[edit]- ^ “cruálach”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 399, page 132
Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cruadálach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “cruaḋalaċ, cruadálaċ”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 201
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cruálach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN