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coryphée

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: coryphee

English

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French coryphée, from Latin coryphaeus, from Ancient Greek κορυφαῖος (koruphaîos, leader of the chorus in an Ancient Greek drama), from κορῠφή (koruphḗ, top of the head, crown)[1] (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (head, top; horn)) + -ῐος (-ios, suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘belonging to, pertaining to’).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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coryphée (plural coryphées)

  1. Synonym of coryphaeus
    1. (Ancient Greece, drama, historical) The conductor or leader of the chorus of a drama.
      • 1986, Ralph P. Locke, “The Rue Monsigny and Salle Taitbout: Music in the Formative Years”, in Music, Musicians and the Saint-Simonians, Chicago, Ill., London: University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, part 3 (Practice), page 86:
        The piece [...] contains a passage for men's voices marked "Les Travailleurs," topped by a tenor solo (in alto clef) marked "Coryphée," a term originally meaning leader of the chorus, as in a Greek tragedy. [...] [T]he aforementioned "Coryphée" line grows out of a recitative for first tenor.
      • 2013, Lucie Kayas, Christopher Brent Murray, “Olivier Messiaen and Portique pour une fille de France”, in Christopher Dingle, Robert Fallon, editors, Messiaen Perspectives, Farnham, Surrey, Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate, →ISBN; republished volumes 1 (Sources and Influences), Abingdon, Oxfordshire, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, 2016, →ISBN, page 52:
        Two coryphées, or coryphæi, the term for the leader of a Greek chorus, were stationed in towers on either side of the stage. A device borrowed from Léon Chancerel's Mission de Jeanne d'Arc, the coryphées are present for the entire length of the drama. Like the messenger, they commented upon the action in a Manichean dialogue: one cheering on Joan of Arc, the other deriding her.
    2. (by extension) The chief or leader of an interest or party.
  2. (ballet) A ballet dancer ranking above a member of the corps de ballet and below a soloist.
    • 1839 March, William E[vans] Burton, “Leaves from a Life in London. No. VI. Coralie, the Coryphee.”, in William E[vans] Burton, editor, Burton’s Gentleman’s Magazine and American Monthly Review, volume IV, number III, Philadelphia, Pa.: William E. Burton, [], →OCLC, page 157:
      Mademoiselle Coralie Montmorrillion, a talented artiste from the grand opera, at Paris, and now principal coryphée at the theatre royal— [...]
    • 1841 March, Phelm O’Toole, “An Irish Love Adventure”, in Bentley’s Miscellany, American edition, volume VII, New York, N.Y.: Published by Jemima M. Mason, (late Lewer,) [], →OCLC, page 241:
      A newspaper was in his hand, joy in his eyes, and as many capers in his toes as would make the fortunes of a Coryphée.
    • 1847, Albert [Richard] Smith, “Of the Morning Rehearsal”, in The Natural History of the Ballet-girl, London: D. Bogue, [], →OCLC, page 27:
      The Coryphées now arrive, as well as the Corps de Ballet; the former holding a higher rank and receiving a higher salary than the latter. They are pretty trim-built girls, with sallow faces and large eyes—the pallor that overspreads their features resulting from cosmetics and late hours. They work very hard, and get very little sleep; but they appear to be very merry amongst themselves for all that.
    • 1866 August 18, “Painted Ladies”, in The Round Table: A Saturday Review of Literature, Society, and Art, volume IV, New York, N.Y.: The Round Table Association, [], →OCLC, page 40, column 3:
      Go into the wealthiest and gayest quarters of the town and you shall see maidens of fifteen tripping along in scores with their young cheeks bechalked and bedizened in a manner that almost puts to the shame a coryphée of the grand opera.
    • 1981, T[homas] Coraghessan Boyle, Water Music, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown, →ISBN; republished New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, 2006, →ISBN, page 305:
      The sick throw away their crutches and dance like coryphées, the enfeebled strain to lift logs and boulders, [...]
    • 1988, Russell Sanjek, “The American Musical Theater 1865–1909”, in American Popular Music and Its Business: The First Four Hundred Years, volume II (From 1790 to 1909), New York, N.Y., Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, part 2 (1861 to 1909), page 303:
      Alarmed at what was to be performed there, New York's clergy had been threatening hellfire and damnation for weeks to all who went to see the dozens of beautiful coryphées imported from Milan, Berlin, Paris, and London in "as little as the law allows" promised by the management.
    • 2007, Mercedes Lackey, chapter 1, in Reserved for the Cat (The Elemental Masters; book 5; DAW Books Collections; no. 1417), New York, N.Y.: DAW Books, →ISBN:
      Ninette was only a sujet, a soloist, and a new-made one at that—one step up from the coryphées, and two from the quadrilles of the chorus, but not yet to the exalted status of the premier danseurs and as far from the etoiles as she was from the stars in the sky. Coryphées did not often have new shoes; one could see them backstage at rehearsal covering their old shoes with new silk, reblocking and reglueing the toes.

Alternative forms

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Translations

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References

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  1. ^ Compare coryphée, n.”, in OED Online Paid subscription required, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893; coryphée, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

Further reading

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French

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin coryphaeus, from Ancient Greek κορυφαῖος (koruphaîos, leader of the chorus in an Ancient Greek drama), from κορῠφή (koruphḗ, top of the head, crown)[1] (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (head, top; horn)) + -ῐος (-ios, suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘belonging to, relating to’).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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coryphée m (plural coryphées)

  1. (Ancient Greece) leader of the ancient Greek chorus, coryphaeus

Descendants

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  • Dutch: coryfee
  • English: coryphée
  • Romanian: corifeu
  • Swedish: koryfé

References

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  1. ^ Compare coryphée, n.”, in OED Online Paid subscription required, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893; coryphée, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

Further reading

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