caelo

Latin

Alternative forms

• cēlo (Medieval Latin)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *keh₂id-, *kh₂eyd- (“to cut, hew”). Related to caedō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkae̯.loː/, [ˈkäe̯ɫ̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃe.lo/, [ˈt͡ʃɛːlo]

Verb

caelō (present infinitive caelāre, perfect active caelāvī, supine caelātum); first conjugation

1. to carve
2. to engrave, emboss or chase
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 2.5–7:

     Māteriam superābat opus: nam Mulciber illīc
     aequora caelārat mediās cingentia terrās
     terrārumque orbem caelumque, quod imminet orbī.

     The craftsmanship surpassed the materials: for there Vulcan
     had engraved the oceans, surrounding the central lands,
     and the Earth’s sphere and the sky, which overhangs the earth.

3. (figurative) to embroider
4. (figurative) to compose

Conjugation

   Conjugation of caelō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	caelō		caelās		caelat		caelāmus		caelātis		caelant
	imperfect	caelābam		caelābās		caelābat		caelābāmus		caelābātis		caelābant
	future	caelābō		caelābis		caelābit		caelābimus		caelābitis		caelābunt
	perfect	caelāvī		caelāvistī		caelāvit		caelāvimus		caelāvistis		caelāvērunt, caelāvēre
	pluperfect	caelāveram		caelāverās		caelāverat		caelāverāmus		caelāverātis		caelāverant
	future perfect	caelāverō		caelāveris		caelāverit		caelāverimus		caelāveritis		caelāverint
passive	present	caelor		caelāris, caelāre		caelātur		caelāmur		caelāminī		caelantur
	imperfect	caelābar		caelābāris, caelābāre		caelābātur		caelābāmur		caelābāminī		caelābantur
	future	caelābor		caelāberis, caelābere		caelābitur		caelābimur		caelābiminī		caelābuntur
	perfect	caelātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	caelātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	caelātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	caelem		caelēs		caelet		caelēmus		caelētis		caelent
	imperfect	caelārem		caelārēs		caelāret		caelārēmus		caelārētis		caelārent
	perfect	caelāverim		caelāverīs		caelāverit		caelāverīmus		caelāverītis		caelāverint
	pluperfect	caelāvissem		caelāvissēs		caelāvisset		caelāvissēmus		caelāvissētis		caelāvissent
passive	present	caeler		caelēris, caelēre		caelētur		caelēmur		caelēminī		caelentur
	imperfect	caelārer		caelārēris, caelārēre		caelārētur		caelārēmur		caelārēminī		caelārentur
	perfect	caelātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	caelātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		caelā		—		—		caelāte		—
	future	—		caelātō		caelātō		—		caelātōte		caelantō
passive	present	—		caelāre		—		—		caelāminī		—
	future	—		caelātor		caelātor		—		—		caelantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		caelāre			caelārī			caelāns			—
future		caelātūrum esse			caelātum īrī			caelātūrus			caelandus
perfect		caelāvisse			caelātum esse			—			caelātus
future perfect		—			caelātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		caelātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		caelandī		caelandō		caelandum		caelandō		caelātum		caelātū

Derived terms

• caelāmen
• caelātor
• caelātūra
• caelātus

Noun

caelō

1. dative/ablative singular of caelum

References

• “caelo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “caelo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• caelo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) to run its course in the sky: cursum conficere in caelo
    
  • (ambiguous) to be struck by lightning: de caelo tangi, percuti
    
  • (ambiguous) when it is growing dusk; towards evening: die, caelo vesperascente
    
  • (ambiguous) to observe the sky (i.e. the flight of birds, lightning, thunder, etc.: de caelo servare (Att. 4. 3. 3)
    

Spanish

Verb

caelo

1. second-person singular voseo imperative of caer combined with lo