bjarga
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Faroese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse bjarga, from Proto-Germanic *berganą, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ-.
Verb
[edit]bjarga (third person singular past indicative bjargaði, third person plural past indicative bjargaðu, supine bjargað)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of bjarga (group v-30) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | bjarga | |
supine | bjargað | |
participle (a6)1 | bjargandi | bjargaður |
present | past | |
first singular | bjargi | bjargaði |
second singular | bjargar | bjargaði |
third singular | bjargar | bjargaði |
plural | bjarga | bjargaðu |
imperative | ||
singular | bjarga! | |
plural | bjargið! | |
1Only the past participle being declined. |
Icelandic
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Norse bjarga, from Proto-Germanic *berganą, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ-.
Verb
[edit]bjarga (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative bjargaði, supine bjargað) or
(archaic) bjarga (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative barg, third-person plural past indicative burgu, supine borgið)
- (with dative) to save, rescue
- (with dative) to take care of, handle (something that came up or something that needs to be done)
- (with dative, reflexive) to sustain oneself, make a living
- (with dative, reflexive) to manage, get along
- (mediopassive) to sustain oneself, make a living
- (mediopassive) to survive, be saved, escape death or calamity
- (mediopassive, describing a situation) to turn out all right, to get resolved
Conjugation
[edit]bjarga — active voice (germynd)
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að bjarga | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
bjargað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
bjargandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég bjarga | við björgum | present (nútíð) |
ég bjargi | við björgum |
þú bjargar | þið bjargið | þú bjargir | þið bjargið | ||
hann, hún, það bjargar | þeir, þær, þau bjarga | hann, hún, það bjargi | þeir, þær, þau bjargi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég bjargaði | við björguðum | past (þátíð) |
ég bjargaði | við björguðum |
þú bjargaðir | þið björguðuð | þú bjargaðir | þið björguðuð | ||
hann, hún, það bjargaði | þeir, þær, þau björguðu | hann, hún, það bjargaði | þeir, þær, þau björguðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
bjarga (þú) | bjargið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
bjargaðu | bjargiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að bjargast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
bjargast | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
bjargandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég bjargast | við björgumst | present (nútíð) |
ég bjargist | við björgumst |
þú bjargast | þið bjargist | þú bjargist | þið bjargist | ||
hann, hún, það bjargast | þeir, þær, þau bjargast | hann, hún, það bjargist | þeir, þær, þau bjargist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég bjargaðist | við björguðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég bjargaðist | við björguðumst |
þú bjargaðist | þið björguðust | þú bjargaðist | þið björguðust | ||
hann, hún, það bjargaðist | þeir, þær, þau björguðust | hann, hún, það bjargaðist | þeir, þær, þau björguðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
bjargast (þú) | bjargist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
bjargastu | bjargisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
bjargaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
bjargaður | björguð | bjargað | bjargaðir | bjargaðar | björguð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
bjargaðan | bjargaða | bjargað | bjargaða | bjargaðar | björguð | |
dative (þágufall) |
björguðum | bjargaðri | björguðu | björguðum | björguðum | björguðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
bjargaðs | bjargaðrar | bjargaðs | bjargaðra | bjargaðra | bjargaðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
bjargaði | bjargaða | bjargaða | björguðu | björguðu | björguðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
bjargaða | björguðu | bjargaða | björguðu | björguðu | björguðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
bjargaða | björguðu | bjargaða | björguðu | björguðu | björguðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
bjargaða | björguðu | bjargaða | björguðu | björguðu | björguðu |
or
bjarga — active voice (germynd)
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að bjarga | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
borgið | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
bjargandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég berg | við björgum | present (nútíð) |
ég bjargi | við björgum |
þú bergur | þið bjargið | þú bjargir | þið bjargið | ||
hann, hún, það bergur | þeir, þær, þau bjarga | hann, hún, það bjargi | þeir, þær, þau bjargi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég barg | við burgum | past (þátíð) |
ég byrgi | við byrgjum |
þú bargst | þið burguð | þú byrgir | þið byrgjuð | ||
hann, hún, það barg | þeir, þær, þau burgu | hann, hún, það byrgi | þeir, þær, þau byrgju | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
bjarg (þú) | bjargið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
bjargðu | bjargiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að bjargast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
borgist | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
bjargandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég bergst | við björgumst | present (nútíð) |
ég bjargist | við björgumst |
þú bergst | þið bjargist | þú bjargist | þið bjargist | ||
hann, hún, það bergst | þeir, þær, þau bjargast | hann, hún, það bjargist | þeir, þær, þau bjargist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég bargst | við burgumst | past (þátíð) |
ég byrgist | við byrgjumst |
þú bargst | þið burgust | þú byrgist | þið byrgjust | ||
hann, hún, það bargst | þeir, þær, þau burgust | hann, hún, það byrgist | þeir, þær, þau byrgjust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
bjargst (þú) | bjargist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
bjargstu | bjargisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
borginn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
borginn | borgin | borgið | borgnir | borgnar | borgin | |
accusative (þolfall) |
borginn | borgna | borgið | borgna | borgnar | borgin | |
dative (þágufall) |
borgnum | borginni | borgnu | borgnum | borgnum | borgnum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
borgins | borginnar | borgins | borginna | borginna | borginna | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
borgni | borgna | borgna | borgnu | borgnu | borgnu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
borgna | borgnu | borgna | borgnu | borgnu | borgnu | |
dative (þágufall) |
borgna | borgnu | borgna | borgnu | borgnu | borgnu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
borgna | borgnu | borgna | borgnu | borgnu | borgnu |
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]bjarga
Etymology 3
[edit]Noun
[edit]bjarga
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *berganą, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰergʰ-.
Verb
[edit]bjarga (singular past indicative barg, plural past indicative burgu, past participle borginn)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of bjarga — active (strong class 3)
infinitive | berga | |
---|---|---|
present participle | bergandi | |
past participle | borginn | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | berg | barg |
2nd-person singular | bergr | bart |
3rd-person singular | bergr | barg |
1st-person plural | bergum | burgum |
2nd-person plural | bergið | burguð |
3rd-person plural | berga | burgu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | berga | byrga |
2nd-person singular | bergir | byrgir |
3rd-person singular | bergi | byrgi |
1st-person plural | bergim | byrgim |
2nd-person plural | bergið | byrgið |
3rd-person plural | bergi | byrgi |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | berg | |
1st-person plural | bergum | |
2nd-person plural | bergið |
Conjugation of bjarga — mediopassive (strong class 3)
infinitive | bergask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | bergandisk | |
past participle | borgizk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | bergumk | burgumk |
2nd-person singular | bersk | barsk |
3rd-person singular | bersk | barsk |
1st-person plural | bergumsk | burgumsk |
2nd-person plural | bergizk | burguzk |
3rd-person plural | bergask | burgusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | bergumk | byrgumk |
2nd-person singular | bergisk | byrgisk |
3rd-person singular | bergisk | byrgisk |
1st-person plural | bergimsk | byrgimsk |
2nd-person plural | bergizk | byrgizk |
3rd-person plural | bergisk | byrgisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | bersk | |
1st-person plural | bergumsk | |
2nd-person plural | bergizk |
Descendants
[edit]- Icelandic: bjarga
- Faroese: bjarga
- Norwegian: berge
- Old Swedish: biærgha
- Swedish: bärga (partly)
- Old Danish: biærghæ
- Danish: bjærge
References
[edit]- “bjarga”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Categories:
- Faroese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Faroese terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰergʰ-
- Faroese terms inherited from Old Norse
- Faroese terms derived from Old Norse
- Faroese terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Faroese terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Faroese lemmas
- Faroese verbs
- Faroese terms with usage examples
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/arka
- Rhymes:Icelandic/arka/2 syllables
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Icelandic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰergʰ-
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic weak verbs
- Icelandic terms with archaic senses
- Icelandic strong verbs
- Icelandic reflexive verbs
- Icelandic class 3 strong verbs
- Icelandic non-lemma forms
- Icelandic noun forms
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰergʰ-
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse class 3 strong verbs