biruin
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Tagalog
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /biˈɾuʔin/ [bɪˈɾuː.ʔɪn̪]
- Rhymes: -uʔin
- Syllabification: bi‧ru‧in
Verb
[edit]biruin (complete biniro, progressive binibiro, contemplative bibiruin, Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜇᜓᜁᜈ᜔)
- to joke; to jest; to poke fun at
- Binibiro namin si Lawrence sa kakaibang paraan niya sa pakikitungo sa kapwa.
- We tease Lawrence of his queer way of dealing with people.
- to crack a joke
Conjugation
[edit]Verb conjugation for biruin (Class I) - um/in object verb
Root word | biro | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trigger | Affix | Aspect | ||||
Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | Recently Complete | ||
Actor | -um- | bumiro | bumiro | bumibiro nabiro2 |
bibiro mabiro2 |
kabibiro1 kakabiro |
Object | -in | biruin | biniro | binibiro inabiro2 |
bibiruin abiruin2 |
— |
Locative | pag- -an | pagbiruan | pinagbiruan | pinapagbiruan pinagbibiruan |
papagbiruan pagbibiruan |
— |
Benefactive | i- | ibiro | ibiniro | ibinibiro | ibibiro | — |
Instrument | ipang- | ipambiro | ipinambiro | ipinapambiro | ipapambiro | — |
Causative | ika- | ikabiro | ikinabiro | ikinabibiro1 ikinakabiro |
ikabibiro1 ikakabiro |
— |
i-3 | ibiro | ibiniro | ibinibiro | ibibiro | — | |
Measurement | i- | ibiro | ibiniro | ibinibiro | ibibiro | — |
1Used in formal contexts. 2Dialectal use only. 3Generally avoided unless the cause is emphasized. |
Indirect (pa-) verb forms
Trigger | Affix | Aspect | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | Recently Complete | ||
Actor | magpa- | magpabiro | nagpabiro | nagpapabiro | magpapabiro | kapabibiro1 kapapabiro kapagpapabiro kakapabiro |
Actor-secondary | pa- -in | pabiruin | pinabiro | pinabibiro pinapabiro |
pabibiruin papabiruin |
— |
Object | ipa- | ipabiro | ipinabiro | ipinabibiro ipinapabiro |
ipabibiro ipapabiro |
— |
Benefactive | ipagpa- | ipagpabiro | ipinagpabiro | ipinagpapabiro1 ipinapagpabiro |
ipagpapabiro1 ipapagpabiro |
— |
Causative | ikapagpa- | ikapagpabiro | ikinapagpabiro | ikinapagpapabiro1 ikinakapagpabiro |
ikapagpapabiro1 ikakapagpabiro |
— |
Locative | pagpa- -an | pagpabiruan | pinagpabiruan | pinagpapabibiruan1 pinapagpabiruan |
pagpapabibiruan1 papagpabiruan |
— |
papag- -an | papagbiruan | pinapagbiruan | pinapapagbiruan | papapagbiruan | — | |
1Used in formal contexts. |
Ability/involuntary (maka-/ma-) verb forms
Social (maki-) verb forms
Form | Affix | Aspect | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | Complete | Progressive | Contemplative | ||
Direct | maki- | makibiro | nakibiro | nakikibiro | makikibiro |
Indirect | makipagpa- | makipagpabiro | nakipagpabiro | nakikipagpabiro | makikipagpabiro |