beygja
Appearance
Icelandic
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Norse beygja, from Proto-Germanic *baugijaną.
Verb
[edit]beygja (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative beygði, supine beygt)
- to bend [with accusative]
- Synonym: sveigja
- (intransitive) to turn
- Að beygja til hægri.
- To turn to the right.
- (grammar, transitive) to inflect
Conjugation
[edit]beygja — active voice (germynd)
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að beygja | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
beygt | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
beygjandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég beygi | við beygjum | present (nútíð) |
ég beygi | við beygjum |
þú beygir | þið beygið | þú beygir | þið beygið | ||
hann, hún, það beygir | þeir, þær, þau beygja | hann, hún, það beygi | þeir, þær, þau beygi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég beygði | við beygðum | past (þátíð) |
ég beygði | við beygðum |
þú beygðir | þið beygðuð | þú beygðir | þið beygðuð | ||
hann, hún, það beygði | þeir, þær, þau beygðu | hann, hún, það beygði | þeir, þær, þau beygðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
beyg (þú) | beygið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
beygðu | beygiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að beygjast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
beygst | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
beygjandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég beygist | við beygjumst | present (nútíð) |
ég beygist | við beygjumst |
þú beygist | þið beygist | þú beygist | þið beygist | ||
hann, hún, það beygist | þeir, þær, þau beygjast | hann, hún, það beygist | þeir, þær, þau beygist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég beygðist | við beygðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég beygðist | við beygðumst |
þú beygðist | þið beygðust | þú beygðist | þið beygðust | ||
hann, hún, það beygðist | þeir, þær, þau beygðust | hann, hún, það beygðist | þeir, þær, þau beygðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
beygst (þú) | beygist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
beygstu | beygisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
beygður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
beygður | beygð | beygt | beygðir | beygðar | beygð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
beygðan | beygða | beygt | beygða | beygðar | beygð | |
dative (þágufall) |
beygðum | beygðri | beygðu | beygðum | beygðum | beygðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
beygðs | beygðrar | beygðs | beygðra | beygðra | beygðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
beygði | beygða | beygða | beygðu | beygðu | beygðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
beygða | beygðu | beygða | beygðu | beygðu | beygðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
beygða | beygðu | beygða | beygðu | beygðu | beygðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
beygða | beygðu | beygða | beygðu | beygðu | beygðu |
Derived terms
[edit]- beygja sig (“to stoop; to give in”)
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]beygja f (genitive singular beygju, nominative plural beygjur)
Declension
[edit]Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *baugijaną.
Verb
[edit]beygja (past participle beygðr)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of beygja — active (weak class 1)
infinitive | beygja | |
---|---|---|
present participle | beygjandi | |
past participle | beygðr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | beygi | beygða |
2nd-person singular | beygir | beygðir |
3rd-person singular | beygir | beygði |
1st-person plural | beygjum | beygðum |
2nd-person plural | beygið | beygðuð |
3rd-person plural | beygja | beygðu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | beygja | beygða |
2nd-person singular | beygir | beygðir |
3rd-person singular | beygi | beygði |
1st-person plural | beygim | beygðim |
2nd-person plural | beygið | beygðið |
3rd-person plural | beygi | beygði |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | beyg, beygi | |
1st-person plural | beygjum | |
2nd-person plural | beygið |
Conjugation of beygja — mediopassive (weak class 1)
infinitive | beygjask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | beygjandisk | |
past participle | beygzk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | beygjumk | beygðumk |
2nd-person singular | beygisk | beygðisk |
3rd-person singular | beygisk | beygðisk |
1st-person plural | beygjumsk | beygðumsk |
2nd-person plural | beygizk | beygðuzk |
3rd-person plural | beygjask | beygðusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | beygjumk | beygðumk |
2nd-person singular | beygisk | beygðisk |
3rd-person singular | beygisk | beygðisk |
1st-person plural | beygimsk | beygðimsk |
2nd-person plural | beygizk | beygðizk |
3rd-person plural | beygisk | beygðisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | beygsk, beygisk | |
1st-person plural | beygjumsk | |
2nd-person plural | beygizk |
Descendants
[edit]- Icelandic: beygja
- Faroese: boyggja
- Norwegian Nynorsk: bøygja, bøya
- Old Swedish: bø̄ghia
- Swedish: böja
- Danish: bøje
- Norwegian Bokmål: bøye
References
[edit]- “beygja”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Categories:
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/eiːja
- Rhymes:Icelandic/eiːja/2 syllables
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Icelandic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰewgʰ-
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic weak verbs
- Icelandic intransitive verbs
- Icelandic terms with usage examples
- is:Grammar
- Icelandic transitive verbs
- Icelandic nouns
- Icelandic feminine nouns
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰewgʰ-
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse class 1 weak long-stem verbs