bežati

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• bjèžati (Ijekavian)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *běžàti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bēˀgjā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰégʷ-y-eh₂-ti, from *bʰegʷ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /běʒati/
• Hyphenation: be‧ža‧ti

Verb

bèžati impf (Cyrillic spelling бѐжати, perfective pòbeći)

1. (intransitive) to flee, run away

Conjugation

Conjugation of bežati

Infinitive: bežati		Present verbal adverb: bèžēći		Past verbal adverb: —		Verbal noun: bèžānje
Number		Singular			Plural
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Verbal forms		ja	ti	on / ona / ono	mi	vi	oni / one / ona
Present		bežim	bežiš	beži	bežimo	bežite	beže
Future	Future I	bežat ću1 bežaću	bežat ćeš1 bežaćeš	bežat će1 bežaće	bežat ćemo1 bežaćemo	bežat ćete1 bežaćete	bežat ćē1 bežaće
	Future II	bȕdēm bežao2	bȕdēš bežao2	bȕdē bežao2	bȕdēmo bežali2	bȕdēte bežali2	bȕdū bežali2
Past	Perfect	bežao sam2	bežao si2	bežao je2	bežali smo2	bežali ste2	bežali su2
	Pluperfect3	bȉo sam bežao2	bȉo si bežao2	bȉo je bežao2	bíli smo bežali2	bíli ste bežali2	bíli su bežali2
	Imperfect	bežah	bežaše	bežaše	bežasmo	bežaste	bežahu
Conditional I		bežao bih2	bežao bi2	bežao bi2	bežali bismo2	bežali biste2	bežali bi2
Conditional II4		bȉo bih bežao2	bȉo bi bežao2	bȉo bi bežao2	bíli bismo bežali2	bíli biste bežali2	bíli bi bežali2
Imperative		—	beži	—	bežimo	bežite	—
Active past participle		bežao m / bežala f / bežalo n			bežali m / bežale f / bežala n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. 2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. 3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. 4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.   *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

• nabèžati
• razbèžati

Slovene

Alternative forms

• bejshati (Bohorič spelling)

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *běžati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bēˀgjā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰégʷ-y-eh₂-ti, from *bʰegʷ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɛʒàːti/
• Hyphenation: be‧žá‧ti

Verb

bežáti impf

1. (intransitive) to flee, run away
2. (intransitive, literary) to move quickly^[→SSKJ]
3. (intransitive, usually in imperative mood) to go

   Synonym: īti

   Beži v posteljo, ura je že enajst.

   Go to bed, it is already eleven o'clock.

4. (intransitive) to pass

   Čas beži, ti pa le posedaš.

   Time is passing, but you are only sitting around.

Conjugation

Class III, accentual type III (accent is directly before the endings), imperfective:

Infinitive bežáti (a-ti), l-participle bẹ́žał, béžał

long infinitive1		bežáti
short infinitive2		bẹ́žat, béžat
supine		bẹ́žat, béžat
1 Usually only written, except in very formal contexts 2 In spoken formal language, colloquial
l-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	bẹ́žał, béžał, bežáł[acc?]	bežȃla	bežálȍ
dual	bežálȁ	bežálȉ	bežálȉ
plural	bežálȉ	bežálȅ	bežálȁ
n-/t-participle (passive participle)
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	–	–	–
dual	–	–	–
plural	–	–	–
š-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	–	–	–
dual	–	–	–
plural	–	–	–
adverbial š-participle		–
true gerund		bežȃnje
objectified gerund		–

Present stem bežím (i-m)

present indicative
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	bežím	bežíva, bežíma	bežímo
2nd person	bežíš	bežíta, bežísta	bežíte, bežíste
3rd person	beží	bežíta, bežísta	bežíjo, bežẹ́
imperative
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	[[bẹ́ži, béži]]	bežȋva, bežȋma	bežȋmo
2nd person	bẹ́ži, béži	bežȋta	bežȋte
3rd person	[[bẹ́ži, béži]]	bežȋta	–
č-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter , bežọ́ča
singular	bežȅč, bežọ̄č	bežẹ́ča, bežọ́ča	bežẹ́če, bežọ́če
dual	bežẹ́ča, bežọ́ča	bežẹ́či, bežọ́či	bežẹ́či, bežọ́či
plural	bežẹ́či, bežọ́či	bežẹ́če, bežọ́če	bežẹ́ča, bežọ́ča
adverbial participles
č-participle		bežȅč, bežẹ̄č, bežọ̄č
e-participle		–

• (obsolete)

Class III, accentual type IV (accent is not directly before infinitive ending and directly before present indicative endings), imperfective:

Infinitive bẹ́žati (a-ti), l-participle bẹ́žał

long infinitive1		bẹ́žati
short infinitive2		bẹ́žat
supine		bẹ́žat
1 Usually only written, except in very formal contexts 2 In spoken formal language, colloquial
l-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	bẹ́žał	bežȃla	bežálȍ
dual	bežálȁ	bežálȉ	bežálȉ
plural	bežálȉ	bežálȅ	bežálȁ
n-/t-participle (passive participle)
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	–	–	–
dual	–	–	–
plural	–	–	–
š-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	–	–	–
dual	–	–	–
plural	–	–	–
adverbial š-participle		–
true gerund		bẹ́žanje
objectified gerund		–

Present stem bežím (i-m)

present indicative
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	bežím	bežíva, bežíma	bežímo
2nd person	bežíš	bežíta, bežísta	bežíte, bežíste
3rd person	beží	bežíta, bežísta	bežíjo, bežẹ́
imperative
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	[[bẹ́ži, béži]]	bežȋva, bežȋma	bežȋmo
2nd person	bẹ́ži, béži	bežȋta	bežȋte
3rd person	[[bẹ́ži, béži]]	bežȋta	–
č-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter , bežọ́ča
singular	bežȅč, bežọ̄č	bežẹ́ča, bežọ́ča	bežẹ́če, bežọ́če
dual	bežẹ́ča, bežọ́ča	bežẹ́či, bežọ́či	bežẹ́či, bežọ́či
plural	bežẹ́či, bežọ́či	bežẹ́če, bežọ́če	bežẹ́ča, bežọ́ča
adverbial participles
č-participle		bežȅč, bežẹ̄č, bežọ̄č
e-participle		–

Derived terms

• bẹ̑g
• bẹ́gati
• bẹ́gniti
• begȗnec
• begȗnka
• bẹ́žen
• izbẹ́gniti
• pobẹ́gniti
• prebẹ́gniti
• pribežalȋšče
• pribežáti
• razbežáti
• ubegati
• ubẹ̑gniti
• ubežáti
• ubẹ́žen
• ubẹ̑žnik
• zbẹ́gati
• zbežáti

Further reading

• “bežati”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “bežati”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references