barbarismus

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek βαρβᾰρισμός (barbarismós), equivalent to barbarus +‎ -ismus, originally referring to a feature of non-native, 'barbarian' speech. First attested in the Rhetorica ad Herennium.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /bar.baˈris.mus/, [bärbäˈrɪs̠mʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /bar.baˈris.mus/, [bärbäˈrizmus]

Noun

barbarismus m (genitive barbarismī); second declension

1. (grammar, rhetoric) a barbarism (a widespread violation of standard Latin morphophonology lacking written authority)

   Synonym: (verbum) dissonāns

   Hypernym: vitium (sermōnis)

   Coordinate terms: metaplasmus, soloecismus, barbarolexis, cacosyntheton

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	barbarismus	barbarismī
genitive	barbarismī	barbarismōrum
dative	barbarismō	barbarismīs
accusative	barbarismum	barbarismōs
ablative	barbarismō	barbarismīs
vocative	barbarisme	barbarismī

Descendants

• → English: barbarism
• → German: Barbarismus
• → French: barbarisme
• → Italian: barbarismo
• → Portuguese: barbarismo
• → Romanian: barbarism
• → Spanish: barbarismo

References

• “barbarismus” in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present

Further reading

• “barbarismus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• barbarismus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• barbarismus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.