avittaa

²⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
³⁾ Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
⁴⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

* The third-person singular indicative form avittaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.

3rd

inessive

avittamassa

—

elative

avittamasta

—

illative

avittamaan

—

adessive

avittamalla

—

abessive

avittamatta

—

instructive

avittaman

avitettaman

4th³

verbal noun

avittaminen

5th¹

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	avittamaisillani	avittamaisillamme
2nd	avittamaisillasi	avittamaisillanne
3rd	avittamaisillaan avittamaisillansa

Derived terms

Anagrams

taitava, taivaat

Ingrian

Etymology

Borrowed from Votic avitta, from Proto-Finnic *abittadak, equivalent to avi- (“help”) +‎ -ttaa. Cognates include Estonian aitada and Võro avitaq.

Pronunciation

(Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈɑʋitːɑː/, [ˈɑʋitːɑ]
(Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈɑʋitːɑː/, [ˈɑʋitːɑː]
(Hevaha) IPA^(key): /ˈɑʋitːɑk/, [ˈɑʋitːɑɡ̊]
Rhymes: -ɑʋitːɑː
Hyphenation: a‧vit‧taa

Verb

avittaa

(intransitive) to help
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 54:
  Zahara avitti Zinal ja Zojal.
  Zahara helped Zina and Zoja.
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 12:
  Töö-ko meille avita.
  Come help us.
- 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 4:
  Meijen kirja avittaa teille oppihussaa geografiaa.
  Our book will help you learn geography.

Usage notes

The patient of the verb is set in either partitive, allative or adessive:
Avita minnua/miulle/miul! ― Help me!

Conjugation

Conjugation of avittaa (type 2/kirjuttaa, tt-t gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	avitan	en avita	1st singular	oon avittant, oon avittanut	en oo avittant, en oo avittanut
2nd singular	avitat	et avita	2nd singular	oot avittant, oot avittanut	et oo avittant, et oo avittanut
3rd singular	avittaa	ei avita	3rd singular	ono avittant, ono avittanut	ei oo avittant, ei oo avittanut
1st plural	avitamma	emmä avita	1st plural	oomma avittanneet	emmä oo avittanneet
2nd plural	avitatta	että avita	2nd plural	ootta avittanneet	että oo avittanneet
3rd plural	avittaat¹⁾, avittavat²⁾, avitettaa	evät avita, ei aviteta	3rd plural	ovat avittanneet	evät oo avittanneet, ei oo avitettu
impersonal	avitettaa	ei aviteta	impersonal	ono avitettu	ei oo avitettu
Imperfekta			Pluskvamperfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	avitin	en avittant, en avittanut	1st singular	olin avittant, olin avittanut	en olt avittant, en olt avittanut
2nd singular	avitit	et avittant, et avittanut	2nd singular	olit avittant, olit avittanut	et olt avittant, et olt avittanut
3rd singular	avitti	ei avittant, ei avittanut	3rd singular	oli avittant, oli avittanut	ei olt avittant, ei olt avittanut
1st plural	avitimma	emmä avittanneet	1st plural	olimma avittanneet	emmä olleet avittanneet
2nd plural	avititta	että avittanneet	2nd plural	olitta avittanneet	että olleet avittanneet
3rd plural	avittiit¹⁾, avittivat²⁾, avitettii	evät avittanneet, ei avitettu	3rd plural	olivat avittanneet	evät olleet avittanneet, ei olt avitettu
impersonal	avitettii	ei avitettu	impersonal	oli avitettu	ei olt avitettu
Konditsionala
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	avittaisin	en avittais	1st singular	olisin avittant, olisin avittanut	en olis avittant, en olis avittanut
2nd singular	avittaisit, avittaist¹⁾	et avittais	2nd singular	olisit avittant, olisit avittanut	et olis avittant, et olis avittanut
3rd singular	avittais	ei avittais	3rd singular	olis avittant, olis avittanut	ei olis avittant, ei olis avittanut
1st plural	avittaisimma	emmä avittais	1st plural	olisimma avittanneet	emmä olis avittanneet
2nd plural	avittaisitta	että avittais	2nd plural	olisitta avittanneet	että olis avittanneet
3rd plural	avittaisiit¹⁾, avittaisivat²⁾, avitettais	evät avittais, ei avitettais	3rd plural	olisivat avittanneet	evät olis avittanneet, ei olis avitettu
impersonal	avitettais	ei avitettais	impersonal	olis avitettu	ei olis avitettu
Imperativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	—	—	1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	avita	elä avita	2nd singular	oo avittant, oo avittanut	elä oo avittant, elä oo avittanut
3rd singular	avittakkoo	elköö avittako	3rd singular	olkoo avittant, olkoo avittanut	elköö olko avittant, elköö olko avittanut
1st plural	—	—	1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	avittakkaa	elkää avittako	2nd plural	olkaa avittanneet	elkää olko avittanneet
3rd plural	avittakkoot	elkööt avittako, elköö avitettako	3rd plural	olkoot avittanneet	elkööt olko avittanneet, elköö olko avitettu
impersonal	avitettakoo	elköö avitettako	impersonal	olkoo avitettu	elköö olko avitettu
Potentsiala
Preesens
	positive	negative
1st singular	avittanen	en avittane
2nd singular	avittanet	et avittane
3rd singular	avittannoo	ei avittane
1st plural	avittanemma	emmä avittane
2nd plural	avittanetta	että avittane
3rd plural	avittannoot	evät avittane, ei avitettane
impersonal	avitettanoo	ei avitettane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat			Partisipat
				active	passive
1st		avittaa	present	avittava	avitettava
2nd	inessive	avittaes	past	avittant, avittanut	avitettu
2nd	instructive	avittaen	¹⁾ Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. ²⁾ Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. ^) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (avittakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. ^) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka^?/-kä^?) to the indicative ^*) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka^?/-kä^?) or -kse* to either the indicative or the potential ^***) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-*, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd	illative	avittammaa
	inessive	avittamas
	elative	avittamast
	abessive	avittamata
4th	nominative	avittamiin
	partitive	avittamista, avittamist

Synonyms

avuttaa (originally native)

References

Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 24
Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 23

Finnish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Usage notes

Conjugation

Synonyms

References