arcaizar

Portuguese

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἀρχαΐζω (arkhaḯzō). By surface analysis, arcaico +‎ -izar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /aʁ.kajˈza(ʁ)/ [ah.kaɪ̯ˈza(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /aʁ.kajˈza(ʁ)/ [ah.kaɪ̯ˈza(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /aɾ.kajˈza(ɾ)/ [aɾ.kaɪ̯ˈza(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /aʁ.kajˈza(ʁ)/ [aχ.kaɪ̯ˈza(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /aɻ.kajˈza(ɻ)/ [aɻ.kaɪ̯ˈza(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐɾ.kajˈzaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐɾ.kajˈzaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐɾ.kajˈza.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: ar‧cai‧zar

Verb

arcaizar (first-person singular present arcaízo, first-person singular preterite arcaizei, past participle arcaizado)

1. (transitive) to archaize (to give an archaic quality or character to)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of arcaizar (i becomes í when stressed) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	arcaizar
Personal	arcaizar	arcaizares	arcaizar	arcaizarmos	arcaizardes	arcaizarem
Gerund
	arcaizando
Past participle
Masculine	arcaizado			arcaizados
Feminine	arcaizada			arcaizadas
Indicative
Present	arcaízo	arcaízas	arcaíza	arcaizamos	arcaizais	arcaízam
Imperfect	arcaizava	arcaizavas	arcaizava	arcaizávamos	arcaizáveis	arcaizavam
Preterite	arcaizei	arcaizaste	arcaizou	arcaizamos1, arcaizámos2	arcaizastes	arcaizaram
Pluperfect	arcaizara	arcaizaras	arcaizara	arcaizáramos	arcaizáreis	arcaizaram
Future	arcaizarei	arcaizarás	arcaizará	arcaizaremos	arcaizareis	arcaizarão
Conditional	arcaizaria	arcaizarias	arcaizaria	arcaizaríamos	arcaizaríeis	arcaizariam
Subjunctive
Present	arcaíze	arcaízes	arcaíze	arcaizemos	arcaizeis	arcaízem
Imperfect	arcaizasse	arcaizasses	arcaizasse	arcaizássemos	arcaizásseis	arcaizassem
Future	arcaizar	arcaizares	arcaizar	arcaizarmos	arcaizardes	arcaizarem
Imperative
Affirmative		arcaíza	arcaíze	arcaizemos	arcaizai	arcaízem
Negative (não)		não arcaízes	não arcaíze	não arcaizemos	não arcaizeis	não arcaízem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

See also

• neologizar

Further reading

• “arcaizar”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2024
• “arcaizar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
• “arcaizar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἀρχαΐζω (arkhaḯzō). By surface analysis, arcaico +‎ -izar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /aɾkaiˈθaɾ/ [aɾ.kai̯ˈθaɾ]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /aɾkaiˈsaɾ/ [aɾ.kai̯ˈsaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: ar‧cai‧zar

Verb

arcaizar (first-person singular present arcaízo, first-person singular preterite arcaicé, past participle arcaizado)

1. (transitive) to archaize (to give an archaic quality or character to)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of arcaizar (i-í alternation; c-z alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			arcaizar
gerund			arcaizando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		arcaizado		arcaizada
		plural		arcaizados		arcaizadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	arcaízo	arcaízastú arcaizásvos	arcaíza	arcaizamos	arcaizáis	arcaízan
	imperfect	arcaizaba	arcaizabas	arcaizaba	arcaizábamos	arcaizabais	arcaizaban
	preterite	arcaicé	arcaizaste	arcaizó	arcaizamos	arcaizasteis	arcaizaron
	future	arcaizaré	arcaizarás	arcaizará	arcaizaremos	arcaizaréis	arcaizarán
	conditional	arcaizaría	arcaizarías	arcaizaría	arcaizaríamos	arcaizaríais	arcaizarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	arcaíce	arcaícestú arcaicésvos2	arcaíce	arcaicemos	arcaicéis	arcaícen
	imperfect (ra)	arcaizara	arcaizaras	arcaizara	arcaizáramos	arcaizarais	arcaizaran
	imperfect (se)	arcaizase	arcaizases	arcaizase	arcaizásemos	arcaizaseis	arcaizasen
	future1	arcaizare	arcaizares	arcaizare	arcaizáremos	arcaizareis	arcaizaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		arcaízatú arcaizávos	arcaíce	arcaicemos	arcaizad	arcaícen
	negative		no arcaíces	no arcaíce	no arcaicemos	no arcaicéis	no arcaícen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of arcaizar (i-í alternation; c-z alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive arcaizar
	dative	arcaizarme	arcaizarte	arcaizarle, arcaizarse	arcaizarnos	arcaizaros	arcaizarles, arcaizarse
	accusative	arcaizarme	arcaizarte	arcaizarlo, arcaizarla, arcaizarse	arcaizarnos	arcaizaros	arcaizarlos, arcaizarlas, arcaizarse
with gerund arcaizando
	dative	arcaizándome	arcaizándote	arcaizándole, arcaizándose	arcaizándonos	arcaizándoos	arcaizándoles, arcaizándose
	accusative	arcaizándome	arcaizándote	arcaizándolo, arcaizándola, arcaizándose	arcaizándonos	arcaizándoos	arcaizándolos, arcaizándolas, arcaizándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative arcaíza
	dative	arcaízame	arcaízate	arcaízale	arcaízanos	not used	arcaízales
	accusative	arcaízame	arcaízate	arcaízalo, arcaízala	arcaízanos	not used	arcaízalos, arcaízalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative arcaizá
	dative	arcaizame	arcaizate	arcaizale	arcaizanos	not used	arcaizales
	accusative	arcaizame	arcaizate	arcaizalo, arcaizala	arcaizanos	not used	arcaizalos, arcaizalas
with formal second-person singular imperative arcaíce
	dative	arcaíceme	not used	arcaícele, arcaícese	arcaícenos	not used	arcaíceles
	accusative	arcaíceme	not used	arcaícelo, arcaícela, arcaícese	arcaícenos	not used	arcaícelos, arcaícelas
with first-person plural imperative arcaicemos
	dative	not used	arcaicémoste	arcaicémosle	arcaicémonos	arcaicémoos	arcaicémosles
	accusative	not used	arcaicémoste	arcaicémoslo, arcaicémosla	arcaicémonos	arcaicémoos	arcaicémoslos, arcaicémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative arcaizad
	dative	arcaizadme	not used	arcaizadle	arcaizadnos	arcaizaos	arcaizadles
	accusative	arcaizadme	not used	arcaizadlo, arcaizadla	arcaizadnos	arcaizaos	arcaizadlos, arcaizadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative arcaícen
	dative	arcaícenme	not used	arcaícenle	arcaícennos	not used	arcaícenles, arcaícense
	accusative	arcaícenme	not used	arcaícenlo, arcaícenla	arcaícennos	not used	arcaícenlos, arcaícenlas, arcaícense

Derived terms

• arcaizante

 

Further reading

• “arcaizar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28