alkin

See also: Alkin and alkín

English

WOTD – 6 August 2021

Etymology

From Middle English alkin, alkinnes (“of all kinds”) [and other forms], from Old English ealle cynn (“of all kinds”) [and other forms], from eall (“all”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“all; beyond; other”)) + cynn (“kind; family”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget, give birth; to produce”)). The English word is analysable as all +‎ kin (“(obsolete) class (of animals, persons, or things) having common attributes, kind”). Compare Swedish allsköns, Danish alskens.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈɔːlkɪn/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɔlkɪn/, /ˈɑl-/
• (Scotland) IPA^(key): /ˈɔlkɪn/
• Hyphenation: al‧kin

Adjective

alkin (not comparable)

1. (obsolete except Midlands, Northern England, Scotland) Of all or every kind; all kinds or sorts of; intermingled and various.

   alkin crafty men ― craftsmen of every kind

   • 1501, Gavin Douglas, “The Palice of Honour [The Palace of Honour]”, in John Small, editor, The Poetical Works of Gavin Douglas, Bishop of Dunkeld, […], volume I, Edinburgh: William Paterson; London: H. Sotheran & Co., published 1874, →OCLC, 3rd part, page 54, lines 16–19:

     I saw ane plane of peirles pulchritude, / Quhairin aboundit alkin things gude / Spyce, wine, corne, oyle, tre, frute, flour, herbis grene, / All foullis, beistis, birdis, and alkin fude.

     I saw a plain of peerless pulchritude, / Wherein abounded all kinds of things good / Spice, wine, corn, oil, tree, fruit, flower, herbs green, / All fowls, beasts, birds, and all kinds of food.

   • c. 1528–1530, David Lindsay [i.e., David Lyndsay], “John Skelton and Sir David Lindsay, with Others.—a.d. 1500 to a.d. 1550. [Lindsay’s Complaint.]”, in Henry Morley, editor, Shorter English Poems […] (The Library of English Literature; part 1), London, Paris: Cassell & Company, published [1875], →OCLC, pages 148–149, lines 290–299:

     Alas, I have no time to tarry / To show you all the fery fary [footnote: bustle and confusion]; / How those that had the governance / Among themselves raised variance, / And who most to my scathe consentit / Within few yearis sore repentit, / When they could make me no remeid: / For they were hurlit out by the heid, / And others took the governing / Well worse than they in alkin thing.

   • c. 1540 (date written), John Wedderburn, James Wedderburn, Robert Wedderburn, “Quam bonus Deus Israel [How Good is the God of Israel]. Psal[m] lxxiij.”, in David Laing, editor, A Compendious Book of Psalms and Spiritual Songs, Commonly Known as “The Gude and Godlie Ballates.” […], Edinburgh: W[illiam] Paterson, published 1868, →OCLC, page 88:

     Throw quhilk thay ar exaltit in to pryde, / Thair violence and wrang walkis full wyde / Throw thair grit micht in alkin luſt they leif, / Quhat thay can think vnto thair hart thay geif.

     Through which they are exalted into pride, / Their violence and wrong walks full wide / Through their great might in all kinds of lust they live, / What they can think unto their heart they give.

   • 1578, John Rolland, “The Fyft Taill of the Emprice [The Fifth Tale of the Empress]”, in The Seven Sages, in Scotish Metre, Edinburgh: The Bannatyne Club, published 1837, →OCLC, page 156:

     The Emprice heiring y^e child ᵹit was not deid / Ane new conſait than tuik ſcho in hir heid, / Throw all the toun gart fle in alkin artis / The carage hors yat wald draw wanis & cartis / And fillit the ſame with alkin kinde of geir, / Hir Ornamentis and clais that ſcho ſuld weir. / Maid hir to pas vnto hir Father hame, / Saying ſcho wald na langer thoill ſic ſchame.

     The Empress hearing the child yet was not dead / A new conceit then took she in her head, / Through all the town, [she] made flight in all directions / The carriage horse yet would draw wains and carts / And filled the same with all kinds of gear, / Her ornaments and clothes that she should wear. / Made her to pass unto her father's home, / Saying she would no longer thole [endure] such shame.

Alternative forms

• alkyn, allkins, allkyn
• alkine, alkyne, allkin, aw kin (Scotland)

Further reading

• “alkin, a.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, reproduced from William A[lexander] Craigie, A[dam] J[ack] Aitken [et al.], editors, A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue: […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 1931–2002, →OCLC.
• Joseph Wright, editor (1898), “ALKIN, phr. used attrib.”, in The English Dialect Dictionary: […], volume I (A–C), London: Henry Frowde, […], publisher to the English Dialect Society, […]; New York, N.Y.: G[eorge] P[almer] Putnam’s Sons, →OCLC, page 38, column 1.

Anagrams

• Kalin, Lakin, lakin

Polish

Etymology

Internationalism; compare English alkyne. First attested in 1910.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈal.kin/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -alkin
• Syllabification: al‧kin

Noun

alkin m inan

1. (organic chemistry) alkyne

Declension

Declension of alkin

	singular	plural
nominative	alkin	alkiny
genitive	alkinu	alkinów
dative	alkinowi	alkinom
accusative	alkin	alkiny
instrumental	alkinem	alkinami
locative	alkinie	alkinach
vocative	alkinie	alkiny

Derived terms

adjective

• alkinowy

 

See also

• alkan, alken

Further reading

• alkin in Polish dictionaries at PWN