alewife

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈeɪlwʌɪf/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈeɪlˌwaɪf/
• Rhymes: -eɪlwʌɪf, -eɪlwaɪf

Etymology 1

From ale +‎ wife.

Noun

alewife (plural alewives)

1. (archaic) A woman who keeps an alehouse.

Synonyms

• brewess

Translations

female publican

• French: patronne (fr) f
• German: Wirtin (de) f, Schankwirtin f
• Italian: proprietaria di una birreria f
• Spanish: tabernera f, cervecera f

Etymology 2

a shad species called alewife

Unknown. Possibly from aloof, the Narragansett name of a fish. See Winthrop on the culture of maize in America, “Phil Trans.” No. 142, p. 1065, and Baddam’s “Memoirs,” vol. ii. p. 131.

Possibly from allowes (“a type of shad”), from French alose (“shad”), from Old French [Term?], from Late Latin alausa, influenced by Etymology 1 due to large belly of the fish.

Noun

alewife (plural alewives)

1. A migrating North American fish, Alosa pseudoharengus.
   • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “Cetology”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 147:

     In his System of Nature, A. D. 1776, Linnæus declares, “I hereby separate the whales from the fish.” But of my own knowledge, I know that down to the year 1850, sharks and shad, alewives and herring, against Linnæus’s express edict, were still found dividing the possession of the same seas with the Leviathan.

   • 1865, Henry D[avid] Thoreau, “The Shipwreck”, in [Sophia Thoreau; William Ellery Channing], editors, Cape Cod, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC, page 14:

     I saw in Cohasset, separated from the sea only by a narrow beach, a handsome but shallow lake of some four hundred acres, […] and, after the alewives had passed into it, it had stopped up its outlet, and now the alewives were dying by thousands, and the inhabitants were apprehending a pestilence as the water evaporated.

   • 2014 April 20, Richard Conniff, “An Evolutionary Family Drama”, in The New York Times‎^[1], New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2014-04-21:

     Alewives are anadromous fish: Born in freshwater, they spend their lives in the ocean, returning annually to their birthplaces to spawn. Until colonial-era dams cut off their migration, hundreds of thousands of alewives would have come pouring into Rogers Lake [Connecticut, USA] every spring — and into other lakes like it along much of the Eastern Seaboard. Farmers used to apply them to their fields as fertilizer, and all along the coast, river herring festivals celebrated their arrival.

2. Any of several species similar in appearance.

Synonyms

• (Alosa pseudoharengus): branch herring, ellwhop, ellwife, (Canada) gaspereau, (US) sawbelly

Derived terms

• Alewife Brook

Translations

Alosa pseudoharengus

• Catalan: gasparell m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 灰西鯡 / 灰西鲱 (huī xī fèi)

• Dutch: Amerikaanse rivierharing (nl)
• Esperanto: riveraringo, falsa haringo
• Finnish: harmaasilli, kantasilli (fi)
• French: gaspareau (fr) m, gasparot (fr) m
• German: Großaugenhering m
• Japanese: エールワイフ (ēruwaifu)
• Polish: aloza tęczowa f, aloza wielkooka f
• Russian: сероспинка f (serospinka), элевайф (elevajf)
• Spanish: pinchagua f
• Swedish: gumsill c
• Ukrainian: сіроспинка f (sirospynka)

References

• alewife on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Alosa pseudoharengus on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
• Alosa pseudoharengus on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons