akha

See also: Akha

Edo

Etymology

Cognates include Yoruba ẹ̀gà, Igala ìga, Urhobo ọriọka, and Idoma àga. Blench (2007) proposed a tentative reconstruction to Proto-Niger-Congo *-ga.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /à.xà/

Noun

akha

1. any of the various species of weavers, particularly the village weaver

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jáka, a variant of Proto-Bantu *-jíbaka.

Verb

-ákha

1. to build

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Southern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jáka, a variant of Proto-Bantu *-jíbaka.

Verb

-âkha

1. to build

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Swazi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jáka, a variant of Proto-Bantu *-jíbaka.

Verb

-âkha

1. to build

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Tangkhul Naga

Numeral

akha

1. one

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jáka, a variant of Proto-Bantu *-jíbaka.

Verb

-âkha

1. to build

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jáka, a variant of Proto-Bantu *-jíbaka.

Cognate with Tsonga -aka.

Verb

-âkha

1. (transitive) to build, to construct
2. (transitive) to produce, to manufacture

Inflection

Tone HH
Infinitive	ukwakha
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukwakha	ukungakhi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	yakha	-akhe
Plural	yakhani	-akheni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyakha, ngakha	engakhayo, engakha	ngakha	angakhi	engingakhi	ngingakhi
2nd singular	uyakha, wakha	owakhayo, owakha	wakha	awakhi	ongakhi	ungakhi
1st plural	siyakha, sakha	esakhayo, esakha	sakha	asakhi	esingakhi	singakhi
2nd plural	niyakha, nakha	enakhayo, enakha	nakha	anakhi	eningakhi	ningakhi
Class 1	uyakha, wakha	owakhayo, owakha	akha	akakhi	ongakhi	engakhi
Class 2	bayakha, bakha	abakhayo, abakha	bakha	abakhi	abangakhi	bengakhi
Class 3	uyakha, wakha	owakhayo, owakha	wakha	awakhi	ongakhi	ungakhi
Class 4	iyakha, yakha	eyakhayo, eyakha	yakha	ayakhi	engakhi	ingakhi
Class 5	liyakha, lakha	elakhayo, elakha	lakha	alakhi	elingakhi	lingakhi
Class 6	ayakha, akha	akhayo, akha	akha	awakhi	angakhi	engakhi
Class 7	siyakha, sakha	esakhayo, esakha	sakha	asakhi	esingakhi	singakhi
Class 8	ziyakha, zakha	ezakhayo, ezakha	zakha	azakhi	ezingakhi	zingakhi
Class 9	iyakha, yakha	eyakhayo, eyakha	yakha	ayakhi	engakhi	ingakhi
Class 10	ziyakha, zakha	ezakhayo, ezakha	zakha	azakhi	ezingakhi	zingakhi
Class 11	luyakha, lwakha	olwakhayo, olwakha	lwakha	alwakhi	olungakhi	lungakhi
Class 14	buyakha, bakha	obakhayo, obakha	bakha	abakhi	obungakhi	bungakhi
Class 15	kuyakha, kwakha	okwakhayo, okwakha	kwakha	akwakhi	okungakhi	kungakhi
Class 17	kuyakha, kwakha	okwakhayo, okwakha	kwakha	akwakhi	okungakhi	kungakhi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngakhile, ngakhē	engakhile, engakhē	ngakhile, ngakhē	angakhanga	engingakhanga	ngingakhanga
2nd singular	wakhile, wakhē	owakhile, owakhē	wakhile, wakhē	awakhanga	ongakhanga	ungakhanga
1st plural	sakhile, sakhē	esakhile, esakhē	sakhile, sakhē	asakhanga	esingakhanga	singakhanga
2nd plural	nakhile, nakhē	enakhile, enakhē	nakhile, nakhē	anakhanga	eningakhanga	ningakhanga
Class 1	wakhile, wakhē	owakhile, owakhē	akhile, akhē	akakhanga	ongakhanga	engakhanga
Class 2	bakhile, bakhē	abakhile, abakhē	bakhile, bakhē	abakhanga	abangakhanga	bengakhanga
Class 3	wakhile, wakhē	owakhile, owakhē	wakhile, wakhē	awakhanga	ongakhanga	ungakhanga
Class 4	yakhile, yakhē	eyakhile, eyakhē	yakhile, yakhē	ayakhanga	engakhanga	ingakhanga
Class 5	lakhile, lakhē	elakhile, elakhē	lakhile, lakhē	alakhanga	elingakhanga	lingakhanga
Class 6	akhile, akhē	akhile, akhē	akhile, akhē	awakhanga	angakhanga	engakhanga
Class 7	sakhile, sakhē	esakhile, esakhē	sakhile, sakhē	asakhanga	esingakhanga	singakhanga
Class 8	zakhile, zakhē	ezakhile, ezakhē	zakhile, zakhē	azakhanga	ezingakhanga	zingakhanga
Class 9	yakhile, yakhē	eyakhile, eyakhē	yakhile, yakhē	ayakhanga	engakhanga	ingakhanga
Class 10	zakhile, zakhē	ezakhile, ezakhē	zakhile, zakhē	azakhanga	ezingakhanga	zingakhanga
Class 11	lwakhile, lwakhē	olwakhile, olwakhē	lwakhile, lwakhē	alwakhanga	olungakhanga	lungakhanga
Class 14	bakhile, bakhē	obakhile, obakhē	bakhile, bakhē	abakhanga	obungakhanga	bungakhanga
Class 15	kwakhile, kwakhē	okwakhile, okwakhē	kwakhile, kwakhē	akwakhanga	okungakhanga	kungakhanga
Class 17	kwakhile, kwakhē	okwakhile, okwakhē	kwakhile, kwakhē	akwakhanga	okungakhanga	kungakhanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngākha	engākha	ngākha	angakhanga	engingakhanga	ngingakhanga
2nd singular	wākha	owākha	wākha	awakhanga	ongakhanga	ungakhanga
1st plural	sākha	esākha	sākha	asakhanga	esingakhanga	singakhanga
2nd plural	nākha	enākha	nākha	anakhanga	eningakhanga	ningakhanga
Class 1	wākha	owākha	ākha	akakhanga	ongakhanga	engakhanga
Class 2	bākha	abākha	bākha	abakhanga	abangakhanga	bengakhanga
Class 3	wākha	owākha	wākha	awakhanga	ongakhanga	ungakhanga
Class 4	yākha	eyākha	yākha	ayakhanga	engakhanga	ingakhanga
Class 5	lākha	elākha	lākha	alakhanga	elingakhanga	lingakhanga
Class 6	ākha	ākha	ākha	awakhanga	angakhanga	engakhanga
Class 7	sākha	esākha	sākha	asakhanga	esingakhanga	singakhanga
Class 8	zākha	ezākha	zākha	azakhanga	ezingakhanga	zingakhanga
Class 9	yākha	eyākha	yākha	ayakhanga	engakhanga	ingakhanga
Class 10	zākha	ezākha	zākha	azakhanga	ezingakhanga	zingakhanga
Class 11	lwākha	olwākha	lwākha	alwakhanga	olungakhanga	lungakhanga
Class 14	bākha	obākha	bākha	abakhanga	obungakhanga	bungakhanga
Class 15	kwākha	okwākha	kwākha	akwakhanga	okungakhanga	kungakhanga
Class 17	kwākha	okwākha	kwākha	akwakhanga	okungakhanga	kungakhanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingakha	—	ngingakha	ngingakhe	—	ngingakhe
2nd singular	ungakha	—	ungakha	ungakhe	—	ungakhe
1st plural	singakha	—	singakha	singakhe	—	singakhe
2nd plural	ningakha	—	ningakha	ningakhe	—	ningakhe
Class 1	angakha	—	engakha	angakhe	—	engakhe
Class 2	bangakha	—	bengakha	bangakhe	—	bengakhe
Class 3	ungakha	—	ungakha	ungakhe	—	ungakhe
Class 4	ingakha	—	ingakha	ingakhe	—	ingakhe
Class 5	lingakha	—	lingakha	lingakhe	—	lingakhe
Class 6	angakha	—	engakha	angakhe	—	engakhe
Class 7	singakha	—	singakha	singakhe	—	singakhe
Class 8	zingakha	—	zingakha	zingakhe	—	zingakhe
Class 9	ingakha	—	ingakha	ingakhe	—	ingakhe
Class 10	zingakha	—	zingakha	zingakhe	—	zingakhe
Class 11	lungakha	—	lungakha	lungakhe	—	lungakhe
Class 14	bungakha	—	bungakha	bungakhe	—	bungakhe
Class 15	kungakha	—	kungakha	kungakhe	—	kungakhe
Class 17	kungakha	—	kungakha	kungakhe	—	kungakhe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokwakha	engizokwakha	ngizokwakha	angizukwakha	engingezukwakha	ngingezukwakha
2nd singular	uzokwakha	ozokwakha	uzokwakha	awuzukwakha	ongezukwakha	ungezukwakha
1st plural	sizokwakha	esizokwakha	sizokwakha	asizukwakha	esingezukwakha	singezukwakha
2nd plural	nizokwakha	enizokwakha	nizokwakha	anizukwakha	eningezukwakha	ningezukwakha
Class 1	uzokwakha	ozokwakha	ezokwakha	akazukwakha	ongezukwakha	engezukwakha
Class 2	bazokwakha	abazokwakha	bezokwakha	abazukwakha	abangezukwakha	bengezukwakha
Class 3	uzokwakha	ozokwakha	uzokwakha	awuzukwakha	ongezukwakha	ungezukwakha
Class 4	izokwakha	ezokwakha	izokwakha	ayizukwakha	engezukwakha	ingezukwakha
Class 5	lizokwakha	elizokwakha	lizokwakha	alizukwakha	elingezukwakha	lingezukwakha
Class 6	azokwakha	azokwakha	ezokwakha	awazukwakha	angezukwakha	engezukwakha
Class 7	sizokwakha	esizokwakha	sizokwakha	asizukwakha	esingezukwakha	singezukwakha
Class 8	zizokwakha	ezizokwakha	zizokwakha	azizukwakha	ezingezukwakha	zingezukwakha
Class 9	izokwakha	ezokwakha	izokwakha	ayizukwakha	engezukwakha	ingezukwakha
Class 10	zizokwakha	ezizokwakha	zizokwakha	azizukwakha	ezingezukwakha	zingezukwakha
Class 11	luzokwakha	oluzokwakha	luzokwakha	aluzukwakha	olungezukwakha	lungezukwakha
Class 14	buzokwakha	obuzokwakha	buzokwakha	abuzukwakha	obungezukwakha	bungezukwakha
Class 15	kuzokwakha	okuzokwakha	kuzokwakha	akuzukwakha	okungezukwakha	kungezukwakha
Class 17	kuzokwakha	okuzokwakha	kuzokwakha	akuzukwakha	okungezukwakha	kungezukwakha
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokwakha	engiyokwakha	ngiyokwakha	angiyukwakha	engingeyukwakha	ngingeyukwakha
2nd singular	uyokwakha	oyokwakha	uyokwakha	awuyukwakha	ongeyukwakha	ungeyukwakha
1st plural	siyokwakha	esiyokwakha	siyokwakha	asiyukwakha	esingeyukwakha	singeyukwakha
2nd plural	niyokwakha	eniyokwakha	niyokwakha	aniyukwakha	eningeyukwakha	ningeyukwakha
Class 1	uyokwakha	oyokwakha	eyokwakha	akayukwakha	ongeyukwakha	engeyukwakha
Class 2	bayokwakha	abayokwakha	beyokwakha	abayukwakha	abangeyukwakha	bengeyukwakha
Class 3	uyokwakha	oyokwakha	uyokwakha	awuyukwakha	ongeyukwakha	ungeyukwakha
Class 4	iyokwakha	eyokwakha	iyokwakha	ayiyukwakha	engeyukwakha	ingeyukwakha
Class 5	liyokwakha	eliyokwakha	liyokwakha	aliyukwakha	elingeyukwakha	lingeyukwakha
Class 6	ayokwakha	ayokwakha	eyokwakha	awayukwakha	angeyukwakha	engeyukwakha
Class 7	siyokwakha	esiyokwakha	siyokwakha	asiyukwakha	esingeyukwakha	singeyukwakha
Class 8	ziyokwakha	eziyokwakha	ziyokwakha	aziyukwakha	ezingeyukwakha	zingeyukwakha
Class 9	iyokwakha	eyokwakha	iyokwakha	ayiyukwakha	engeyukwakha	ingeyukwakha
Class 10	ziyokwakha	eziyokwakha	ziyokwakha	aziyukwakha	ezingeyukwakha	zingeyukwakha
Class 11	luyokwakha	oluyokwakha	luyokwakha	aluyukwakha	olungeyukwakha	lungeyukwakha
Class 14	buyokwakha	obuyokwakha	buyokwakha	abuyukwakha	obungeyukwakha	bungeyukwakha
Class 15	kuyokwakha	okuyokwakha	kuyokwakha	akuyukwakha	okungeyukwakha	kungeyukwakha
Class 17	kuyokwakha	okuyokwakha	kuyokwakha	akuyukwakha	okungeyukwakha	kungeyukwakha
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngakhe	ngingakhi
2nd singular	wakhe	ungakhi
1st plural	sakhe	singakhi
2nd plural	nakhe	ningakhi
Class 1	akhe	angakhi
Class 2	bakhe	bangakhi
Class 3	wakhe	ungakhi
Class 4	yakhe	ingakhi
Class 5	lakhe	lingakhi
Class 6	akhe	angakhi
Class 7	sakhe	singakhi
Class 8	zakhe	zingakhi
Class 9	yakhe	ingakhi
Class 10	zakhe	zingakhi
Class 11	lwakhe	lungakhi
Class 14	bakhe	bungakhi
Class 15	kwakhe	kungakhi
Class 17	kwakhe	kungakhi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngakha	ngangakha, angakha, angangakha
2nd singular	wakha	wangakha, awakha, awangakha
1st plural	sakha	sangakha, asakha, asangakha
2nd plural	nakha	nangakha, anakha, anangakha
Class 1	wakha	wangakha, akakha, akangakha
Class 2	bakha	bangakha, abakha, abangakha
Class 3	wakha	wangakha, awakha, awangakha
Class 4	yakha	yangakha, ayakha, ayangakha
Class 5	lakha	langakha, alakha, alangakha
Class 6	akha	angakha, awakha, awangakha
Class 7	sakha	sangakha, asakha, asangakha
Class 8	zakha	zangakha, azakha, azangakha
Class 9	yakha	yangakha, ayakha, ayangakha
Class 10	zakha	zangakha, azakha, azangakha
Class 11	lwakha	lwangakha, alwakha, alwangakha
Class 14	bakha	bangakha, abakha, abangakha
Class 15	kwakha	kwangakha, akwakha, akwangakha
Class 17	kwakha	kwangakha, akwakha, akwangakha

Derived terms

• -akhela (applicative)
• -akhisa (causative)
• -akhayakha (diminutive)
• -akhisisa (intensive)
• -akheka (neuter-passive)
• -akhiwa (passive)
• -akhelela (perfective)
• -akhana (reciprocal)

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “akha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “akha (4.3)”