akhiwa

Zulu

Etymology

From -akha +‎ -wa.

Verb

-akhiwa^?

1. (intransitive) to be built, constructed
2. (intransitive) to be produced, manufactured

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukwakhiwa
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukwakhiwa	ukungakhiwa
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	yakhiwa	-akhiwe
Plural	yakhiwani	-akhiweni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyakhiwa, ngakhiwa	engakhiwayo, engakhiwa	ngakhiwa	angakhiwa	engingakhiwa	ngingakhiwa
2nd singular	uyakhiwa, wakhiwa	owakhiwayo, owakhiwa	wakhiwa	awakhiwa	ongakhiwa	ungakhiwa
1st plural	siyakhiwa, sakhiwa	esakhiwayo, esakhiwa	sakhiwa	asakhiwa	esingakhiwa	singakhiwa
2nd plural	niyakhiwa, nakhiwa	enakhiwayo, enakhiwa	nakhiwa	anakhiwa	eningakhiwa	ningakhiwa
Class 1	uyakhiwa, wakhiwa	owakhiwayo, owakhiwa	akhiwa	akakhiwa	ongakhiwa	engakhiwa
Class 2	bayakhiwa, bakhiwa	abakhiwayo, abakhiwa	bakhiwa	abakhiwa	abangakhiwa	bengakhiwa
Class 3	uyakhiwa, wakhiwa	owakhiwayo, owakhiwa	wakhiwa	awakhiwa	ongakhiwa	ungakhiwa
Class 4	iyakhiwa, yakhiwa	eyakhiwayo, eyakhiwa	yakhiwa	ayakhiwa	engakhiwa	ingakhiwa
Class 5	liyakhiwa, lakhiwa	elakhiwayo, elakhiwa	lakhiwa	alakhiwa	elingakhiwa	lingakhiwa
Class 6	ayakhiwa, akhiwa	akhiwayo, akhiwa	akhiwa	awakhiwa	angakhiwa	engakhiwa
Class 7	siyakhiwa, sakhiwa	esakhiwayo, esakhiwa	sakhiwa	asakhiwa	esingakhiwa	singakhiwa
Class 8	ziyakhiwa, zakhiwa	ezakhiwayo, ezakhiwa	zakhiwa	azakhiwa	ezingakhiwa	zingakhiwa
Class 9	iyakhiwa, yakhiwa	eyakhiwayo, eyakhiwa	yakhiwa	ayakhiwa	engakhiwa	ingakhiwa
Class 10	ziyakhiwa, zakhiwa	ezakhiwayo, ezakhiwa	zakhiwa	azakhiwa	ezingakhiwa	zingakhiwa
Class 11	luyakhiwa, lwakhiwa	olwakhiwayo, olwakhiwa	lwakhiwa	alwakhiwa	olungakhiwa	lungakhiwa
Class 14	buyakhiwa, bakhiwa	obakhiwayo, obakhiwa	bakhiwa	abakhiwa	obungakhiwa	bungakhiwa
Class 15	kuyakhiwa, kwakhiwa	okwakhiwayo, okwakhiwa	kwakhiwa	akwakhiwa	okungakhiwa	kungakhiwa
Class 17	kuyakhiwa, kwakhiwa	okwakhiwayo, okwakhiwa	kwakhiwa	akwakhiwa	okungakhiwa	kungakhiwa
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngakhiwe, ngakhiwē	engakhiwe, engakhiwē	ngakhiwe, ngakhiwē	angakhiwanga	engingakhiwanga	ngingakhiwanga
2nd singular	wakhiwe, wakhiwē	owakhiwe, owakhiwē	wakhiwe, wakhiwē	awakhiwanga	ongakhiwanga	ungakhiwanga
1st plural	sakhiwe, sakhiwē	esakhiwe, esakhiwē	sakhiwe, sakhiwē	asakhiwanga	esingakhiwanga	singakhiwanga
2nd plural	nakhiwe, nakhiwē	enakhiwe, enakhiwē	nakhiwe, nakhiwē	anakhiwanga	eningakhiwanga	ningakhiwanga
Class 1	wakhiwe, wakhiwē	owakhiwe, owakhiwē	akhiwe, akhiwē	akakhiwanga	ongakhiwanga	engakhiwanga
Class 2	bakhiwe, bakhiwē	abakhiwe, abakhiwē	bakhiwe, bakhiwē	abakhiwanga	abangakhiwanga	bengakhiwanga
Class 3	wakhiwe, wakhiwē	owakhiwe, owakhiwē	wakhiwe, wakhiwē	awakhiwanga	ongakhiwanga	ungakhiwanga
Class 4	yakhiwe, yakhiwē	eyakhiwe, eyakhiwē	yakhiwe, yakhiwē	ayakhiwanga	engakhiwanga	ingakhiwanga
Class 5	lakhiwe, lakhiwē	elakhiwe, elakhiwē	lakhiwe, lakhiwē	alakhiwanga	elingakhiwanga	lingakhiwanga
Class 6	akhiwe, akhiwē	akhiwe, akhiwē	akhiwe, akhiwē	awakhiwanga	angakhiwanga	engakhiwanga
Class 7	sakhiwe, sakhiwē	esakhiwe, esakhiwē	sakhiwe, sakhiwē	asakhiwanga	esingakhiwanga	singakhiwanga
Class 8	zakhiwe, zakhiwē	ezakhiwe, ezakhiwē	zakhiwe, zakhiwē	azakhiwanga	ezingakhiwanga	zingakhiwanga
Class 9	yakhiwe, yakhiwē	eyakhiwe, eyakhiwē	yakhiwe, yakhiwē	ayakhiwanga	engakhiwanga	ingakhiwanga
Class 10	zakhiwe, zakhiwē	ezakhiwe, ezakhiwē	zakhiwe, zakhiwē	azakhiwanga	ezingakhiwanga	zingakhiwanga
Class 11	lwakhiwe, lwakhiwē	olwakhiwe, olwakhiwē	lwakhiwe, lwakhiwē	alwakhiwanga	olungakhiwanga	lungakhiwanga
Class 14	bakhiwe, bakhiwē	obakhiwe, obakhiwē	bakhiwe, bakhiwē	abakhiwanga	obungakhiwanga	bungakhiwanga
Class 15	kwakhiwe, kwakhiwē	okwakhiwe, okwakhiwē	kwakhiwe, kwakhiwē	akwakhiwanga	okungakhiwanga	kungakhiwanga
Class 17	kwakhiwe, kwakhiwē	okwakhiwe, okwakhiwē	kwakhiwe, kwakhiwē	akwakhiwanga	okungakhiwanga	kungakhiwanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngākhiwa	engākhiwa	ngākhiwa	angakhiwanga	engingakhiwanga	ngingakhiwanga
2nd singular	wākhiwa	owākhiwa	wākhiwa	awakhiwanga	ongakhiwanga	ungakhiwanga
1st plural	sākhiwa	esākhiwa	sākhiwa	asakhiwanga	esingakhiwanga	singakhiwanga
2nd plural	nākhiwa	enākhiwa	nākhiwa	anakhiwanga	eningakhiwanga	ningakhiwanga
Class 1	wākhiwa	owākhiwa	ākhiwa	akakhiwanga	ongakhiwanga	engakhiwanga
Class 2	bākhiwa	abākhiwa	bākhiwa	abakhiwanga	abangakhiwanga	bengakhiwanga
Class 3	wākhiwa	owākhiwa	wākhiwa	awakhiwanga	ongakhiwanga	ungakhiwanga
Class 4	yākhiwa	eyākhiwa	yākhiwa	ayakhiwanga	engakhiwanga	ingakhiwanga
Class 5	lākhiwa	elākhiwa	lākhiwa	alakhiwanga	elingakhiwanga	lingakhiwanga
Class 6	ākhiwa	ākhiwa	ākhiwa	awakhiwanga	angakhiwanga	engakhiwanga
Class 7	sākhiwa	esākhiwa	sākhiwa	asakhiwanga	esingakhiwanga	singakhiwanga
Class 8	zākhiwa	ezākhiwa	zākhiwa	azakhiwanga	ezingakhiwanga	zingakhiwanga
Class 9	yākhiwa	eyākhiwa	yākhiwa	ayakhiwanga	engakhiwanga	ingakhiwanga
Class 10	zākhiwa	ezākhiwa	zākhiwa	azakhiwanga	ezingakhiwanga	zingakhiwanga
Class 11	lwākhiwa	olwākhiwa	lwākhiwa	alwakhiwanga	olungakhiwanga	lungakhiwanga
Class 14	bākhiwa	obākhiwa	bākhiwa	abakhiwanga	obungakhiwanga	bungakhiwanga
Class 15	kwākhiwa	okwākhiwa	kwākhiwa	akwakhiwanga	okungakhiwanga	kungakhiwanga
Class 17	kwākhiwa	okwākhiwa	kwākhiwa	akwakhiwanga	okungakhiwanga	kungakhiwanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingakhiwa	—	ngingakhiwa	ngingakhiwe	—	ngingakhiwe
2nd singular	ungakhiwa	—	ungakhiwa	ungakhiwe	—	ungakhiwe
1st plural	singakhiwa	—	singakhiwa	singakhiwe	—	singakhiwe
2nd plural	ningakhiwa	—	ningakhiwa	ningakhiwe	—	ningakhiwe
Class 1	angakhiwa	—	engakhiwa	angakhiwe	—	engakhiwe
Class 2	bangakhiwa	—	bengakhiwa	bangakhiwe	—	bengakhiwe
Class 3	ungakhiwa	—	ungakhiwa	ungakhiwe	—	ungakhiwe
Class 4	ingakhiwa	—	ingakhiwa	ingakhiwe	—	ingakhiwe
Class 5	lingakhiwa	—	lingakhiwa	lingakhiwe	—	lingakhiwe
Class 6	angakhiwa	—	engakhiwa	angakhiwe	—	engakhiwe
Class 7	singakhiwa	—	singakhiwa	singakhiwe	—	singakhiwe
Class 8	zingakhiwa	—	zingakhiwa	zingakhiwe	—	zingakhiwe
Class 9	ingakhiwa	—	ingakhiwa	ingakhiwe	—	ingakhiwe
Class 10	zingakhiwa	—	zingakhiwa	zingakhiwe	—	zingakhiwe
Class 11	lungakhiwa	—	lungakhiwa	lungakhiwe	—	lungakhiwe
Class 14	bungakhiwa	—	bungakhiwa	bungakhiwe	—	bungakhiwe
Class 15	kungakhiwa	—	kungakhiwa	kungakhiwe	—	kungakhiwe
Class 17	kungakhiwa	—	kungakhiwa	kungakhiwe	—	kungakhiwe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokwakhiwa	engizokwakhiwa	ngizokwakhiwa	angizukwakhiwa	engingezukwakhiwa	ngingezukwakhiwa
2nd singular	uzokwakhiwa	ozokwakhiwa	uzokwakhiwa	awuzukwakhiwa	ongezukwakhiwa	ungezukwakhiwa
1st plural	sizokwakhiwa	esizokwakhiwa	sizokwakhiwa	asizukwakhiwa	esingezukwakhiwa	singezukwakhiwa
2nd plural	nizokwakhiwa	enizokwakhiwa	nizokwakhiwa	anizukwakhiwa	eningezukwakhiwa	ningezukwakhiwa
Class 1	uzokwakhiwa	ozokwakhiwa	ezokwakhiwa	akazukwakhiwa	ongezukwakhiwa	engezukwakhiwa
Class 2	bazokwakhiwa	abazokwakhiwa	bezokwakhiwa	abazukwakhiwa	abangezukwakhiwa	bengezukwakhiwa
Class 3	uzokwakhiwa	ozokwakhiwa	uzokwakhiwa	awuzukwakhiwa	ongezukwakhiwa	ungezukwakhiwa
Class 4	izokwakhiwa	ezokwakhiwa	izokwakhiwa	ayizukwakhiwa	engezukwakhiwa	ingezukwakhiwa
Class 5	lizokwakhiwa	elizokwakhiwa	lizokwakhiwa	alizukwakhiwa	elingezukwakhiwa	lingezukwakhiwa
Class 6	azokwakhiwa	azokwakhiwa	ezokwakhiwa	awazukwakhiwa	angezukwakhiwa	engezukwakhiwa
Class 7	sizokwakhiwa	esizokwakhiwa	sizokwakhiwa	asizukwakhiwa	esingezukwakhiwa	singezukwakhiwa
Class 8	zizokwakhiwa	ezizokwakhiwa	zizokwakhiwa	azizukwakhiwa	ezingezukwakhiwa	zingezukwakhiwa
Class 9	izokwakhiwa	ezokwakhiwa	izokwakhiwa	ayizukwakhiwa	engezukwakhiwa	ingezukwakhiwa
Class 10	zizokwakhiwa	ezizokwakhiwa	zizokwakhiwa	azizukwakhiwa	ezingezukwakhiwa	zingezukwakhiwa
Class 11	luzokwakhiwa	oluzokwakhiwa	luzokwakhiwa	aluzukwakhiwa	olungezukwakhiwa	lungezukwakhiwa
Class 14	buzokwakhiwa	obuzokwakhiwa	buzokwakhiwa	abuzukwakhiwa	obungezukwakhiwa	bungezukwakhiwa
Class 15	kuzokwakhiwa	okuzokwakhiwa	kuzokwakhiwa	akuzukwakhiwa	okungezukwakhiwa	kungezukwakhiwa
Class 17	kuzokwakhiwa	okuzokwakhiwa	kuzokwakhiwa	akuzukwakhiwa	okungezukwakhiwa	kungezukwakhiwa
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokwakhiwa	engiyokwakhiwa	ngiyokwakhiwa	angiyukwakhiwa	engingeyukwakhiwa	ngingeyukwakhiwa
2nd singular	uyokwakhiwa	oyokwakhiwa	uyokwakhiwa	awuyukwakhiwa	ongeyukwakhiwa	ungeyukwakhiwa
1st plural	siyokwakhiwa	esiyokwakhiwa	siyokwakhiwa	asiyukwakhiwa	esingeyukwakhiwa	singeyukwakhiwa
2nd plural	niyokwakhiwa	eniyokwakhiwa	niyokwakhiwa	aniyukwakhiwa	eningeyukwakhiwa	ningeyukwakhiwa
Class 1	uyokwakhiwa	oyokwakhiwa	eyokwakhiwa	akayukwakhiwa	ongeyukwakhiwa	engeyukwakhiwa
Class 2	bayokwakhiwa	abayokwakhiwa	beyokwakhiwa	abayukwakhiwa	abangeyukwakhiwa	bengeyukwakhiwa
Class 3	uyokwakhiwa	oyokwakhiwa	uyokwakhiwa	awuyukwakhiwa	ongeyukwakhiwa	ungeyukwakhiwa
Class 4	iyokwakhiwa	eyokwakhiwa	iyokwakhiwa	ayiyukwakhiwa	engeyukwakhiwa	ingeyukwakhiwa
Class 5	liyokwakhiwa	eliyokwakhiwa	liyokwakhiwa	aliyukwakhiwa	elingeyukwakhiwa	lingeyukwakhiwa
Class 6	ayokwakhiwa	ayokwakhiwa	eyokwakhiwa	awayukwakhiwa	angeyukwakhiwa	engeyukwakhiwa
Class 7	siyokwakhiwa	esiyokwakhiwa	siyokwakhiwa	asiyukwakhiwa	esingeyukwakhiwa	singeyukwakhiwa
Class 8	ziyokwakhiwa	eziyokwakhiwa	ziyokwakhiwa	aziyukwakhiwa	ezingeyukwakhiwa	zingeyukwakhiwa
Class 9	iyokwakhiwa	eyokwakhiwa	iyokwakhiwa	ayiyukwakhiwa	engeyukwakhiwa	ingeyukwakhiwa
Class 10	ziyokwakhiwa	eziyokwakhiwa	ziyokwakhiwa	aziyukwakhiwa	ezingeyukwakhiwa	zingeyukwakhiwa
Class 11	luyokwakhiwa	oluyokwakhiwa	luyokwakhiwa	aluyukwakhiwa	olungeyukwakhiwa	lungeyukwakhiwa
Class 14	buyokwakhiwa	obuyokwakhiwa	buyokwakhiwa	abuyukwakhiwa	obungeyukwakhiwa	bungeyukwakhiwa
Class 15	kuyokwakhiwa	okuyokwakhiwa	kuyokwakhiwa	akuyukwakhiwa	okungeyukwakhiwa	kungeyukwakhiwa
Class 17	kuyokwakhiwa	okuyokwakhiwa	kuyokwakhiwa	akuyukwakhiwa	okungeyukwakhiwa	kungeyukwakhiwa
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngakhiwe	ngingakhiwa
2nd singular	wakhiwe	ungakhiwa
1st plural	sakhiwe	singakhiwa
2nd plural	nakhiwe	ningakhiwa
Class 1	akhiwe	angakhiwa
Class 2	bakhiwe	bangakhiwa
Class 3	wakhiwe	ungakhiwa
Class 4	yakhiwe	ingakhiwa
Class 5	lakhiwe	lingakhiwa
Class 6	akhiwe	angakhiwa
Class 7	sakhiwe	singakhiwa
Class 8	zakhiwe	zingakhiwa
Class 9	yakhiwe	ingakhiwa
Class 10	zakhiwe	zingakhiwa
Class 11	lwakhiwe	lungakhiwa
Class 14	bakhiwe	bungakhiwa
Class 15	kwakhiwe	kungakhiwa
Class 17	kwakhiwe	kungakhiwa
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngakhiwa	ngangakhiwa, angakhiwa, angangakhiwa
2nd singular	wakhiwa	wangakhiwa, awakhiwa, awangakhiwa
1st plural	sakhiwa	sangakhiwa, asakhiwa, asangakhiwa
2nd plural	nakhiwa	nangakhiwa, anakhiwa, anangakhiwa
Class 1	wakhiwa	wangakhiwa, akakhiwa, akangakhiwa
Class 2	bakhiwa	bangakhiwa, abakhiwa, abangakhiwa
Class 3	wakhiwa	wangakhiwa, awakhiwa, awangakhiwa
Class 4	yakhiwa	yangakhiwa, ayakhiwa, ayangakhiwa
Class 5	lakhiwa	langakhiwa, alakhiwa, alangakhiwa
Class 6	akhiwa	angakhiwa, awakhiwa, awangakhiwa
Class 7	sakhiwa	sangakhiwa, asakhiwa, asangakhiwa
Class 8	zakhiwa	zangakhiwa, azakhiwa, azangakhiwa
Class 9	yakhiwa	yangakhiwa, ayakhiwa, ayangakhiwa
Class 10	zakhiwa	zangakhiwa, azakhiwa, azangakhiwa
Class 11	lwakhiwa	lwangakhiwa, alwakhiwa, alwangakhiwa
Class 14	bakhiwa	bangakhiwa, abakhiwa, abangakhiwa
Class 15	kwakhiwa	kwangakhiwa, akwakhiwa, akwangakhiwa
Class 17	kwakhiwa	kwangakhiwa, akwakhiwa, akwangakhiwa

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “akha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “akha”